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These web-exclusive essays on current economic issues and trends are based on staff economists' ongoing research and published work.

2012
2011
2010
2009
2008

Essay	Title	Author(s)
12-02 February 2012	Experimenting with Contingent Capital Triggers	Edward S. Prescott David A. Price
12-01 January 2012	Where Are Households in the Deleveraging Cycle?	R. Andrew Bauer Betty Joyce Nash

Essay	Title	Author(s)
11-12 December 2011	The Federal Reserve's "Dual Mandate": The Evolution of an Idea	Aaron Steelman
11-11 November 2011	Recoveries From Recessions Associated With Banking Crises: How Does This One Compare?	Juan Carlos Hatchondo David A. Price Jonathan Tompkins
11-10 October 2011	Fifth District Manufacturing and the Recession: An Analysis of Subsector Performance	Robert Schnorbus Judy Cox
11-09 September 2011	Potential Causes and Implications of the Rise in Long-Term Unemployment	Andreas Hornstein Thomas A. Lubik Jessie Romero
11-08 August 2011	Is Stimulative Fiscal Policy More Effective at the Zero Lower Bound?	Renee Haltom Pierre-Daniel G. Sarte
11-07 July 2011	Monetary Policy with Unknown Natural Rates	Thomas A. Lubik Jessie Romero
11-06 June 2011	Basel III and the Continuing Evolution of Bank Capital Regulation	Huberto M. Ennis David A. Price
11-05 May 2011	The Role of Interchange Fees on Debit and Credit Card Transactions in the Payments System	Tim Mead Renee Haltom Margaretta Blackwell
11-04 April 2011	Identifying Systemically Important Financial Institutions	David A. Price John R. Walter
11-03 March 2011	The Earned Income Tax Credit: Recipients, Labor Force Participation, and Credit Constraints	Kartik B. Athreya Aaron Steelman
11-02 February 2011	Small Business Lending During the Recession	Betty Joyce Nash Kim Zeuli
11-01 January 2011	How Might the Fed's Large-Scale Asset Purchases Lower Long-Term Interest Rates?	Renee Haltom Juan Carlos Hatchondo

Essay	Title	Author(s)
10-12 December 2010	The Service Sector and the "Great Recession"	Robert Schnorbus Aileen Watson
10-11 November 2010	What Trends Exist in Regional Housing Market Data?	Renee Haltom Pierre-Daniel G. Sarte
10-10 October 2010	The Responses of Small and Large Firms to Tight Credit Shocks: The Case of 2008 through the Lens of Gertler and Gilchrist (1994)	Marianna Kudlyak David A. Price Juan M. Sanchez
10-09 September 2010	The Effects of Local Demographic Characteristics and State-Level Legislation on Foreclosure Rates	Ross Lawrence Brent C Smith
10-08 August 2010	When Did the Recession End?	Renee Haltom
10-07 July 2010	How Useful Are Consumer Surveys as Macroeconomic Indicators?	Roy H. Webb
10-06 June 2010	Now How Large Is the Safety Net?	Jeffrey M. Lacker John A. Weinberg
10-05 May 2010	Is There Stigma Associated with Discount Window Borrowing?	Renee Haltom Huberto M. Ennis
10-04 April 2010	Comparing Labor Markets across Recessions	Marianna Kudlyak Devin Reilly Stephen Slivinski
10-03 March 2010	Excess Reserves and the New Challenges for Monetary Policy	Huberto M. Ennis Alexander L. Wolman
10-02 February 2010	Is a New Asset Bubble Emerging in Certain Markets?	Renee Haltom Brian Gaines Juan Carlos Hatchondo
10-01 January 2010	Is the Output Gap a Faulty Gauge for Monetary Policy?	Thomas A. Lubik Stephen Slivinski

Essay	Title	Author(s)
09-12 December 2009	The Effect of Interest on Reserves on Monetary Policy	John R. Walter Renee Haltom
09-11 November 2009	Rolling Back the Financial Safety Net	Robert L. Hetzel Stephen Slivinski
09-10 October 2009	The Case for Direct Methods to Address CO2 Emissions and Other Negative Environmental Externalities	Kartik B. Athreya Renee Haltom
09-09 September 2009	Deterring Default: Why Some State Laws Decrease the Probability of Mortgage Foreclosures	Andra C. Ghent Marianna Kudlyak Stephen Slivinski
09-08 August 2009	Recent Fiscal Policy and the Manipulation of Aggregate Economic Activity	Kartik B. Athreya Renee Haltom
09-07 July 2009	Systemic Risk Regulation and the "Too Big to Fail" Problem	Borys Grochulski Stephen Slivinski
09-06 June 2009	The Growth of Paperless Money: Retail Payments in the United States Continue to Evolve	T. Stuart Desch Kiran Krishnamurthy
09-05 May 2009	The Costs and Benefits of Bank Supervisory Disclosure	Edward S. Prescott Stephen Slivinski
09-04 April 2009	What We Do and Don't Know about Discretionary Fiscal Policy	Renee Haltom
09-03 March 2009	Rationalizing Financial Literacy Policy	Kartik B. Athreya Anne Stilwell
09-02 February 2009	Residential Externalities	Pierre-Daniel G. Sarte Kevin A. Bryan
09-01 January 2009	The Size and Structure of Exports in the Fifth District Economy	Sonya Ravindranath Waddell

Essay	Title	Author(s)
08-03 December 2008	Turmoil in the Student Loan Market	John R. Walter Samuel E. Henly
08-02 November 2008	What Income Inequality Measures Can (and Cannot) Tell Us	Leonardo Martinez Stephen Slivinski
08-01 October 2008	Inflation Expectations: Their Sources and Effects	Yash P. Mehra Devin Reilly

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