5th District Footprint
September 2017

This issue of 5th District Footprint examines Fifth District census tracts eligible for Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) investment and designated as Medically Underserved Areas/Populations (MUA/Ps) by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA).
The Community Reinvestment Act and Medically Underserved Areas/Populations in the Fifth District
Additional CRA resources include:
“Background & Purpose,” Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council.
“Interagency Questions & Answers,” Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council.
“What is the Community Reinvestment Act?,” The Federal Reserve System, 2015.
Low-income census tracts have a Median Family Income (MFI) that is less than 50 percent of the area MFI. Moderate-income census tracts have an MFI that is 50 to 79.9 percent of the area MFI. Middle-income census tracts have an MFI that is 80 to 119.9 percent of the area MFI. The FFIEC defines distressed and underserved census tracts annually based on poverty rate, unemployment rate, rate of population loss, population size, population density and population dispersion.
The IMU is calculated using four criteria: the population to provider ratio, the percent of the population below the federal poverty level, the percent of the population over age 65, and the infant mortality rate.
“Medically Underserved Areas and Populations (MUA/Ps),” U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration.
Additional Resources
“Community Health Status Indicators,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015.
“SCAN Community Profile,” South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control.
Sobel Blum, Elizabeth, “Healthy Communities: The Intersection of Community Development and Health,” Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, March 2014.
“State Data,” Trust for America’s Health.
Syme, S. Leonard and Miranda L. Ritterman, “The Importance of Community Development for Health and Well-Being,” Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Community Development Investment Review, 2009.
“Virginia Health Opportunity Index,” Virginia Department of Health Office of Health Equity.
Williams, Marva and Desiree Hatcher, “Health Care is Community Reinvestment: Examples from the Mental Health Field,” Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago ProfitWise News and Views, 2017, No. 1.