Regional Economy
Snapshot, November 2018
Nov. 2, 2018
According to recent data, Fifth District economic conditions softened somewhat.
Data & Analysis
Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index
November 14, 2018
The NEI was 7.7 percent in October 2018, unchanged from the previous month. It has declined by 0.2 percentage points since October 2017.
Month,HKL Nonemployment Index,HKL Nonemployment Index Including PTER,Civilian Unemployment Rate (U-3),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached (U-5),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached and PTER (U-6) 1994-01-01,10.04882773,11.11560967,6.6,8.1,11.8 1994-02-01,9.878808703,11.03933642,6.6,7.9,11.4 1994-03-01,9.776793255,10.98751741,6.5,7.7,11.4 1994-04-01,9.6468093,10.82419165,6.4,7.6,11.2 1994-05-01,9.400411171,10.6482228,6.1,7.2,10.8 1994-06-01,9.430086964,10.63715517,6.1,7.3,10.9 1994-07-01,9.369132297,10.52586284,6.1,7.3,10.7 1994-08-01,9.313192669,10.43039752,6,7.2,10.5 1994-09-01,9.226412712,10.33435251,5.9,7.1,10.4 1994-10-01,9.14954845,10.28803116,5.8,6.9,10.3 1994-11-01,9.053952704,10.19948763,5.6,6.7,10.1 1994-12-01,8.968548503,10.08577758,5.5,6.7,10 1995-01-01,8.985998296,10.18000772,5.6,6.8,10.2 1995-02-01,8.917913109,10.00287606,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-03-01,8.957577383,10.05735091,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-04-01,9.050166606,10.13520357,5.8,6.7,10 1995-05-01,9.059242184,10.21730409,5.6,6.6,10 1995-06-01,9.029256278,10.14608782,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-07-01,9.013038182,10.14508555,5.7,6.7,10.1 1995-08-01,9.049606112,10.19363131,5.7,6.7,10 1995-09-01,9.042427316,10.19153576,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-10-01,9.034527762,10.15497271,5.5,6.6,9.9 1995-11-01,9.024295489,10.1559168,5.6,6.6,10 1995-12-01,9.04148336,10.15042762,5.6,6.7,10 1996-01-01,9.011179933,10.05364897,5.6,6.8,9.8 1996-02-01,8.990603176,10.07790324,5.5,6.7,10 1996-03-01,8.92752825,10.02025529,5.5,6.6,9.8 1996-04-01,8.921406684,9.999872858,5.6,6.6,9.9 1996-05-01,8.911283487,10.00843557,5.6,6.5,9.7 1996-06-01,8.787964968,9.857245906,5.3,6.4,9.6 1996-07-01,8.792022948,9.89675212,5.5,6.5,9.7 1996-08-01,8.704674769,9.80328226,5.1,6.1,9.3 1996-09-01,8.643311748,9.72650307,5.2,6.2,9.4 1996-10-01,8.689253985,9.771848194,5.2,6.2,9.4 1996-11-01,8.773210779,9.77753881,5.4,6.4,9.3 1996-12-01,8.695217455,9.775464575,5.4,6.3,9.5 1997-01-01,8.691257365,9.753697967,5.3,6.4,9.4 1997-02-01,8.691885715,9.729248884,5.2,6.3,9.4 1997-03-01,8.6042051,9.613023848,5.2,6.1,9.1 1997-04-01,8.504377602,9.546334713,5.1,6,9.2 1997-05-01,8.480555598,9.488318364,4.9,5.8,8.8 1997-06-01,8.452357817,9.434364183,5,5.9,8.8 1997-07-01,8.318994872,9.33200547,4.9,5.7,8.6 1997-08-01,8.28189485,9.27952639,4.8,5.7,8.6 1997-09-01,8.3613444,9.339437793,4.9,5.8,8.7 1997-10-01,8.257720108,9.235516232,4.7,5.6,8.4 1997-11-01,8.228764839,9.199008578,4.6,5.5,8.3 1997-12-01,8.251626696,9.195056006,4.7,5.7,8.4 1998-01-01,8.170679751,9.146993323,4.6,5.6,8.4 1998-02-01,8.12230223,9.065324606,4.6,5.6,8.4 1998-03-01,8.172850585,9.109930714,4.7,5.6,8.4 1998-04-01,8.00778505,8.890321219,4.3,5.2,7.9 1998-05-01,8.013696227,8.93553693,4.4,5.2,7.9 1998-06-01,8.084749444,9.00729381,4.5,5.3,8 1998-07-01,8.143800005,9.092466501,4.5,5.4,8.1 1998-08-01,8.116989751,8.985138183,4.5,5.3,7.9 1998-09-01,8.068471286,8.907004114,4.6,5.4,7.9 1998-10-01,8.081917617,8.921559898,4.5,5.3,7.8 1998-11-01,7.98694895,8.791436612,4.4,5.2,7.6 1998-12-01,7.959853388,8.785197746,4.4,5.1,7.6 1999-01-01,7.944528065,8.78436995,4.3,5.2,7.7 1999-02-01,7.98420873,8.811535999,4.4,5.3,7.7 1999-03-01,7.934631165,8.788814524,4.2,5,7.6 1999-04-01,8.118888284,8.912878739,4.3,5.2,7.6 1999-05-01,7.949104456,8.782170669,4.2,5,7.4 1999-06-01,7.973701296,8.793357073,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-07-01,7.919598436,8.746250025,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-08-01,7.891227058,8.692987369,4.2,5,7.3 1999-09-01,7.909192953,8.700468655,4.2,5,7.4 1999-10-01,7.804243542,8.566799611,4.1,4.9,7.2 1999-11-01,7.77604229,8.534562695,4.1,4.8,7.1 1999-12-01,7.726610802,8.507946773,4,4.8,7.1 2000-01-01,7.670742976,8.425855536,4,4.8,7.1 2000-02-01,7.78504744,8.531796495,4.1,5,7.2 2000-03-01,7.809538323,8.56916521,4,4.8,7.1 2000-04-01,7.68422879,8.410366626,3.8,4.7,6.9 2000-05-01,7.856720869,8.645845992,4,4.8,7.1 2000-06-01,7.700484435,8.451240749,4,4.7,7 2000-07-01,7.714695869,8.470225821,4,4.8,7 2000-08-01,7.745279569,8.519460961,4.1,4.8,7.1 2000-09-01,7.710817092,8.469953149,3.9,4.7,7 2000-10-01,7.695616847,8.447051251,3.9,4.6,6.8 2000-11-01,7.730440143,8.520255128,3.9,4.7,7.1 2000-12-01,7.714773115,8.465114155,3.9,4.7,6.9 2001-01-01,7.806352051,8.579656184,4.2,5,7.3 2001-02-01,7.837771629,8.600353022,4.2,5.1,7.4 2001-03-01,7.897258784,8.660484659,4.3,5,7.3 2001-04-01,8.049558954,8.801140942,4.4,5.1,7.4 2001-05-01,8.137200498,8.952809533,4.3,5.1,7.5 2001-06-01,8.217733492,9.099078888,4.5,5.3,7.9 2001-07-01,8.172748667,9.014746536,4.6,5.4,7.8 2001-08-01,8.489693821,9.303129067,4.9,5.8,8.1 2001-09-01,8.459152312,9.438201584,5,5.8,8.7 2001-10-01,8.72285501,9.747111976,5.3,6.2,9.3 2001-11-01,8.810924938,9.779538677,5.5,6.4,9.4 2001-12-01,8.921056776,9.928885483,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-01-01,8.998855362,9.931687863,5.7,6.7,9.5 2002-02-01,8.900950432,9.87733636,5.7,6.6,9.5 2002-03-01,8.885273102,9.830461861,5.7,6.6,9.4 2002-04-01,8.953935532,9.907324212,5.9,6.8,9.7 2002-05-01,8.877334223,9.832431317,5.8,6.7,9.5 2002-06-01,8.867098457,9.804610314,5.8,6.7,9.5 2002-07-01,8.884454681,9.852626767,5.8,6.8,9.6 2002-08-01,8.820237272,9.846616386,5.7,6.7,9.6 2002-09-01,8.784145376,9.775767315,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-10-01,8.758700451,9.749498442,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-11-01,8.900193915,9.860085821,5.9,6.8,9.7 2002-12-01,8.83113168,9.809335373,6,6.9,9.8 2003-01-01,8.878370898,9.91979681,5.8,6.9,10 2003-02-01,8.903646488,9.98457211,5.9,6.9,10.2 2003-03-01,9.01680408,10.0758858,5.9,6.9,10 2003-04-01,8.970006388,10.04494542,6,6.9,10.2 2003-05-01,9.045130013,10.09218661,6.1,7,10.1 2003-06-01,9.084463525,10.13162418,6.3,7.2,10.3 2003-07-01,9.053749066,10.11791818,6.2,7.1,10.3 2003-08-01,9.029495666,10.06741174,6.1,7.1,10.1 2003-09-01,9.01649536,10.11827129,6.1,7.1,10.4 2003-10-01,9.004859013,10.07608353,6,7,10.2 2003-11-01,8.868474311,9.931926703,5.8,6.8,10 2003-12-01,8.85621555,9.923693013,5.7,6.6,9.8 2004-01-01,8.797433502,9.858548299,5.7,6.8,9.9 2004-02-01,8.750529711,9.761142597,5.6,6.6,9.7 2004-03-01,8.876296184,9.945165278,5.8,6.8,10 2004-04-01,8.749375707,9.760058893,5.6,6.5,9.6 2004-05-01,8.74256967,9.780424632,5.6,6.6,9.6 2004-06-01,8.719190182,9.719136991,5.6,6.6,9.5 2004-07-01,8.710780126,9.712202812,5.5,6.5,9.5 2004-08-01,8.68095652,9.710300119,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-09-01,8.665496386,9.670620198,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-10-01,8.701787331,9.764415041,5.5,6.5,9.7 2004-11-01,8.654286739,9.645786984,5.4,6.3,9.4 2004-12-01,8.641167758,9.630004339,5.4,6.3,9.2 2005-01-01,8.591980402,9.565774245,5.3,6.4,9.3 2005-02-01,8.652157609,9.596902125,5.4,6.4,9.3 2005-03-01,8.576211077,9.556068297,5.2,6.2,9.1 2005-04-01,8.537009466,9.46384716,5.2,6.1,8.9 2005-05-01,8.457244153,9.421813126,5.1,6,8.9 2005-06-01,8.489800649,9.474604235,5,6,9 2005-07-01,8.402294257,9.376568587,5,5.9,8.8 2005-08-01,8.316274927,9.330301488,4.9,5.9,8.9 2005-09-01,8.464506201,9.499605744,5,5.9,9 2005-10-01,8.424021356,9.363456334,5,5.9,8.7 2005-11-01,8.486632531,9.394628325,5,5.9,8.7 2005-12-01,8.442117937,9.344057452,4.9,5.8,8.6 2006-01-01,8.329109301,9.22899272,4.7,5.7,8.4 2006-02-01,8.323317558,9.242602933,4.8,5.7,8.4 2006-03-01,8.220541622,9.095752617,4.7,5.6,8.2 2006-04-01,8.356492332,9.183805016,4.7,5.5,8.1 2006-05-01,8.177173227,9.081701798,4.6,5.5,8.2 2006-06-01,8.170216736,9.111607507,4.6,5.6,8.4 2006-07-01,8.229641581,9.169030644,4.7,5.7,8.5 2006-08-01,8.196779269,9.134615587,4.7,5.7,8.4 2006-09-01,8.183350064,9.10027539,4.5,5.3,8 2006-10-01,8.147675217,9.097339064,4.4,5.3,8.2 2006-11-01,8.196857383,9.090542733,4.5,5.4,8.1 2006-12-01,8.096894167,9.002895011,4.4,5.2,7.9 2007-01-01,8.172495787,9.090627961,4.6,5.6,8.4 2007-02-01,8.144294561,9.052894274,4.5,5.4,8.2 2007-03-01,7.991754124,8.915505439,4.4,5.3,8 2007-04-01,8.272899653,9.176327861,4.5,5.4,8.2 2007-05-01,8.224295899,9.194277369,4.4,5.3,8.2 2007-06-01,8.191132115,9.12249599,4.6,5.5,8.3 2007-07-01,8.210774203,9.161452547,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-08-01,8.238851385,9.250236945,4.6,5.5,8.4 2007-09-01,8.28410899,9.280025983,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-10-01,8.280546313,9.221092375,4.7,5.6,8.4 2007-11-01,8.198135421,9.149443222,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-12-01,8.369712908,9.351493255,5,5.8,8.8 2008-01-01,8.384111885,9.422635245,5,6,9.2 2008-02-01,8.374146451,9.417774351,4.9,5.9,9 2008-03-01,8.492567581,9.545828671,5.1,5.9,9.1 2008-04-01,8.522848636,9.607939507,5,5.8,9.2 2008-05-01,8.675595025,9.810965311,5.4,6.3,9.7 2008-06-01,8.730409623,9.916008508,5.6,6.5,10.1 2008-07-01,8.913760002,10.1986453,5.8,6.7,10.5 2008-08-01,9.059429802,10.33151682,6.1,7.1,10.8 2008-09-01,9.146864261,10.47249947,6.1,7.1,11 2008-10-01,9.285474269,10.71380207,6.5,7.5,11.8 2008-11-01,9.537432377,11.07643971,6.8,8,12.6 2008-12-01,9.810660684,11.511922,7.3,8.4,13.6 2009-01-01,10.24310116,11.97306797,7.8,9.1,14.2 2009-02-01,10.46061094,12.32200597,8.3,9.5,15.2 2009-03-01,10.65470494,12.5944527,8.7,9.9,15.8 2009-04-01,10.75290412,12.60821538,9,10.2,15.9 2009-05-01,10.9525002,12.88346084,9.4,10.6,16.5 2009-06-01,10.99548897,12.92611916,9.5,10.8,16.5 2009-07-01,10.8333829,12.76448536,9.5,10.8,16.4 2009-08-01,10.84517886,12.76418565,9.6,10.9,16.7 2009-09-01,10.91627196,12.77483798,9.8,11,16.7 2009-10-01,11.02905673,12.92733429,10,11.4,17.1 2009-11-01,10.88428939,12.78691643,9.9,11.2,17.1 2009-12-01,10.94895482,12.85486318,9.9,11.3,17.1 2010-01-01,10.85906257,12.67326659,9.8,11.3,16.7 2010-02-01,10.86888416,12.74667028,9.8,11.3,17 2010-03-01,10.84241164,12.78089574,9.9,11.2,17.1 2010-04-01,10.69164336,12.60984449,9.9,11.3,17.1 2010-05-01,10.58053135,12.43904191,9.6,10.9,16.6 2010-06-01,10.50718103,12.33229905,9.4,10.9,16.4 2010-07-01,10.57028703,12.40782938,9.4,11,16.4 2010-08-01,10.63994363,12.48230277,9.5,10.9,16.5 2010-09-01,10.66950607,12.56303046,9.5,10.9,16.8 2010-10-01,10.61907305,12.47772298,9.4,11,16.6 2010-11-01,10.7685721,12.6045294,9.8,11.2,16.9 2010-12-01,10.57303044,12.43347866,9.3,10.9,16.6 2011-01-01,10.49012775,12.28492237,9.1,10.8,16.2 2011-02-01,10.43631488,12.20746679,9,10.6,16 2011-03-01,10.35056809,12.16119561,9,10.4,15.9 2011-04-01,10.47043052,12.28138928,9.1,10.5,16.1 2011-05-01,10.40974435,12.20847903,9,10.3,15.8 2011-06-01,10.5180642,12.29640436,9.1,10.7,16.1 2011-07-01,10.50224622,12.26540767,9,10.6,15.9 2011-08-01,10.4373483,12.24484172,9,10.5,16.1 2011-09-01,10.39762112,12.23702425,9,10.5,16.4 2011-10-01,10.34420136,12.15338895,8.8,10.3,15.8 2011-11-01,10.27641355,12.01788998,8.6,10.1,15.5 2011-12-01,10.19022641,11.88403341,8.5,10,15.2 2012-01-01,10.07956549,11.80587009,8.3,9.9,15.2 2012-02-01,10.05727277,11.7623569,8.3,9.8,15 2012-03-01,10.06186486,11.6746874,8.2,9.6,14.5 2012-04-01,10.06307401,11.69884195,8.2,9.6,14.6 2012-05-01,10.0260551,11.70572698,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-06-01,10.06150326,11.73681372,8.2,9.6,14.8 2012-07-01,10.07189976,11.74771336,8.2,9.6,14.8 2012-08-01,10.13469639,11.74689489,8.1,9.6,14.6 2012-09-01,9.8953183,11.60641712,7.8,9.3,14.8 2012-10-01,9.856029604,11.56145596,7.8,9.2,14.4 2012-11-01,9.924098067,11.58471304,7.7,9.2,14.4 2012-12-01,9.977763507,11.60223083,7.9,9.4,14.4 2013-01-01,10.08949843,11.74633688,8,9.4,14.6 2013-02-01,9.907410918,11.57732777,7.7,9.2,14.4 2013-03-01,9.845959009,11.41980016,7.5,8.9,13.8 2013-04-01,9.853923649,11.48006158,7.6,8.9,14 2013-05-01,9.856407143,11.46472965,7.5,8.8,13.8 2013-06-01,9.830614132,11.48952408,7.5,9.1,14.2 2013-07-01,9.673794317,11.31633247,7.3,8.7,13.8 2013-08-01,9.582099596,11.14275815,7.2,8.6,13.6 2013-09-01,9.558668489,11.13395149,7.2,8.6,13.5 2013-10-01,9.620676072,11.28781375,7.2,8.5,13.6 2013-11-01,9.426356517,10.98949863,6.9,8.2,13.1 2013-12-01,9.358807326,10.94507132,6.7,8.1,13.1 2014-01-01,9.322361372,10.79781898,6.6,8.1,12.7 2014-02-01,9.341024952,10.82075663,6.7,8,12.7 2014-03-01,9.328700938,10.82549663,6.7,8,12.7 2014-04-01,9.156852981,10.6740615,6.3,7.5,12.3 2014-05-01,9.22843185,10.67372152,6.3,7.5,12.1 2014-06-01,9.126815515,10.63719554,6.1,7.3,12 2014-07-01,9.166665526,10.65066479,6.2,7.5,12.1 2014-08-01,9.200868995,10.62940959,6.2,7.4,11.9 2014-09-01,9.09889244,10.50171941,5.9,7.3,11.7 2014-10-01,8.948672323,10.42329203,5.7,7,11.5 2014-11-01,9.033889083,10.41790471,5.8,7,11.4 2014-12-01,8.907258737,10.28044381,5.6,6.9,11.2 2015-01-01,8.944639032,10.30481582,5.7,7,11.3 2015-02-01,8.893093808,10.22793291,5.5,6.8,11 2015-03-01,8.838912457,10.1575313,5.5,6.7,10.9 2015-04-01,8.833373291,10.15076821,5.4,6.7,10.9 2015-05-01,8.793408626,10.0911328,5.5,6.6,10.8 2015-06-01,8.767127791,10.04835307,5.3,6.4,10.4 2015-07-01,8.765822485,10.00338735,5.2,6.4,10.3 2015-08-01,8.590268587,9.866560143,5.1,6.2,10.2 2015-09-01,8.641863966,9.829542796,5,6.2,10 2015-10-01,8.619256584,9.831020453,5,6.2,9.8 2015-11-01,8.605823115,9.831375168,5,6.1,9.9 2015-12-01,8.541937419,9.746979814,5,6.1,9.9 2016-01-01,8.472270182,9.650556292,4.9,6.2,9.9 2016-02-01,8.469862375,9.652764455,4.9,6,9.7 2016-03-01,8.469018476,9.663383525,5,6.1,9.8 2016-04-01,8.518181172,9.702037059,5,6,9.8 2016-05-01,8.425914144,9.677524594,4.7,5.7,9.8 2016-06-01,8.418440336,9.552372095,4.9,6,9.5 2016-07-01,8.427052967,9.584762659,4.9,6,9.7 2016-08-01,8.402847123,9.595456884,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-09-01,8.520085612,9.67155726,5,6,9.7 2016-10-01,8.494354214,9.719666999,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-11-01,8.358400633,9.487511395,4.6,5.8,9.3 2016-12-01,8.367216037,9.469760601,4.7,5.7,9.1 2017-01-01,8.338784811,9.470879653,4.8,5.8,9.4 2017-02-01,8.258022008,9.359439654,4.7,5.7,9.2 2017-03-01,8.191559809,9.263073001,4.5,5.4,8.8 2017-04-01,8.141085339,9.174556114,4.4,5.3,8.6 2017-05-01,8.138767576,9.136675149,4.3,5.2,8.4 2017-06-01,8.064877291,9.091279543,4.3,5.3,8.5 2017-07-01,8.014495088,9.039890599,4.3,5.3,8.5 2017-08-01,8.127383699,9.167499506,4.4,5.4,8.6 2017-09-01,7.943330396,8.941299517,4.2,5.1,8.3 2017-10-01,7.900124008,8.894772003,4.1,5,8 2017-11-01,7.9322105,8.882208995,4.1,5,8 2017-12-01,7.957354838,8.931348512,4.1,5.1,8.1 2018-01-01,7.914271404,8.893636273,4.1,5.1,8.2 2018-02-01,7.861559106,8.862559035,4.1,5.1,8.2 2018-03-01,7.871055924,8.839265096,4.1,4.9,8 2018-04-01,7.842207356,8.802295342,3.9,4.7,7.8 2018-05-01,7.787872656,8.712415772,3.8,4.6,7.6 2018-06-01,7.826209629,8.73715634,4,4.9,7.8 2018-07-01,7.715040305,8.59629271,3.9,4.8,7.5 2018-08-01,7.808163411,8.666673955,3.9,4.7,7.4 2018-09-01,7.6907497,8.575383533,3.7,4.6,7.5 2018-10-01,7.674651842,8.598062517,3.7,4.6,7.4
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Life at the Richmond Fed
While our work is serious, our workplace is more casual—from the way we dress to the activities we share. It’s a friendly, inclusive place to be.
You'll Love Our Benefits
Our approach is about enhancing work and life experiences. Think generous paid days off, a pension and retirement savings plan, wellness offerings, development opportunities and more.
