Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond

Region & Communities

Our work to support the nation’s economy includes a focus on the economic well-being of our District, which covers North and South Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and most of West Virginia. Learn more about our research and engagement in our communities:

Small Town &
Rural Initiative

Understanding the economic challenges facing our smaller towns and sharing what works to address them.

Regional Data &
Analysis

Regional surveys, economic indicators and in-depth analysis of the communities in our District.

Community Development & Engagement

Working to identify economic opportunities in low- and moderate-income and underserved communities.

Latest Economic Research

Publications

A Small Contribution to Measuring the Lags in Monetary Policy Transmission

Economic Brief

September 2023, No. 23-30

Alexander L. Wolman

Regional Economy

Housing Affordability Challenges for Renters and Homeowners in the Rural Fifth District

Regional Matters

September 7, 2023

Sierra Latham

Data & Analysis

Regional Economic Snapshot

September 21, 2023

This overview of the Fifth District economy includes timely analysis of labor and housing markets, including growth in payrolls.

        date,United States,Fifth District,District of Columbia,Maryland,North Carolina,South Carolina,Virginia,West Virginia
8/31/2013,1.715923472,1.326166454,1.736158578,1.012805588,1.796287005,2.121049813,0.771559461,0.248618785
9/30/2013,1.715088617,1.242404276,1.809277649,0.792975398,1.9525383,2.300941781,0.517830451,-0.617538082
10/31/2013,1.758359261,1.0704213,0.948124069,0.649325552,1.946283573,2.398504274,0.095795636,-0.508171954
11/30/2013,1.839298693,1.141872554,1.246105919,0.913171336,1.847143284,2.145671387,0.255387071,-0.055149593
12/31/2013,1.697575421,1.042031268,1.163892272,0.497838839,1.912255366,2.361702128,0.074448285,-0.357978797
1/31/2014,1.690755184,0.903033172,0.365655471,0.36960037,1.807783165,2.358816342,-0.007969821,-0.700838258
2/28/2014,1.595791772,0.612417084,0.419429035,0.330972906,1.258376768,2.091073134,-0.278544143,-0.974605353
3/31/2014,1.692841719,0.860358822,0.473292765,0.276752768,1.671909444,2.710443961,-0.143232275,-0.755598296
4/30/2014,1.78250758,1.25844656,0.242033078,0.665589412,2.058488792,2.831287045,0.523699391,-0.316368638
5/31/2014,1.770873901,1.527560772,0.094212651,0.911924276,2.231623741,2.900771426,0.881209733,1.044099464
6/30/2014,1.881572478,1.433894833,1.079330815,0.860281128,2.322184537,2.659714542,0.886274719,-1.459251101
7/31/2014,1.968604967,1.346859988,0.875420875,0.694924365,2.300298965,2.423254836,0.761164635,-0.936639118
8/31/2014,1.919713104,1.402295852,0.765923139,1.087165303,2.195879338,2.486100913,0.728432806,-0.606227611
9/30/2014,2.005569402,1.434697405,0.601282737,1.158997582,2.064918484,2.620567005,0.751500345,0.165700083
10/31/2014,2.01840352,1.53766076,1.073393264,1.217311163,2.151749828,2.69184621,0.824117397,0.358917725
11/30/2014,2.020915566,1.581584038,0.882943144,1.246165644,2.268889052,2.98149596,0.7535955,0.234515106
12/31/2014,2.182458797,1.721213871,0.882943144,1.489958143,2.347911068,2.946372895,0.998990382,0.373082769
1/31/2015,2.188263348,1.862076432,2.239913642,1.323360184,2.484001759,2.78195879,1.2912139,0.415167451
2/28/2015,2.26713239,2.185353864,2.169226624,1.518987342,3.056597299,3.202328967,1.508339762,0.499029665
3/31/2015,2.129201513,1.714685053,2.01884253,1.280282122,2.331416878,2.628589134,1.15812681,-0.083056478
4/30/2015,2.099813446,1.602301919,1.515761234,1.352952417,2.007272727,2.341619062,1.351351351,-0.386366772
5/31/2015,2.194207984,1.780869964,2.151405136,1.605277206,2.274872341,2.598202824,1.541181749,-1.672331747
6/30/2015,2.061469535,1.942123015,1.561665777,1.465996497,2.388038034,2.79601888,1.66464412,0.656607991
7/31/2015,2.094538238,2.181758295,2.20293725,1.68909902,2.417640808,3.110084681,2.208135235,-0.055617353
8/31/2015,2.062359075,2.170479478,2.17362315,1.485901041,2.438083295,3.121801433,2.356884584,-0.429719989
9/30/2015,1.936043221,2.105923534,1.832912737,1.350582344,2.470591065,2.910443957,2.459081205,-0.978770334
10/31/2015,1.98848396,2.256966694,2.2434621,1.646558919,2.456695936,2.956565913,2.760639139,-1.182943604
11/30/2015,1.942336657,2.197224334,2.254342925,1.537587578,2.410013402,2.7028395,2.773242033,-1.073492981
12/31/2015,1.935653933,2.289464349,2.612385625,1.638351811,2.506504977,2.796426228,2.796338191,-0.963656388
1/31/2016,1.875329036,1.934318206,1.860894813,1.559719856,2.361829405,2.615765288,2.040655738,-1.51598677
2/29/2016,1.832719113,1.898792385,2.149545035,1.269553389,2.321377604,2.654644368,2.10702867,-1.682758621
3/31/2016,1.945729613,2.255260977,2.242744063,1.684202558,2.687775265,2.742414331,2.515558123,-0.872817955
4/30/2016,1.879576777,2.192874042,2.497357294,1.538519552,2.880365036,2.946796741,2.056099152,-1.080482061
5/31/2016,1.668079695,1.787685924,2.237725418,0.956955755,2.437235276,2.622491367,1.554175222,-0.483960177
6/30/2016,1.73400614,1.629751393,1.99763438,0.923180846,2.360697575,2.365623596,1.525806368,-1.929215822
7/31/2016,1.77901105,1.599103045,1.554539517,1.091113611,2.393585662,2.573291524,1.191337606,-1.683361157
8/31/2016,1.782874833,1.543088976,1.422605064,1.160831305,2.316493244,2.387096774,1.129389923,-1.614924126
9/30/2016,1.895055003,1.621923547,1.512977697,1.46359723,2.380505212,2.486379396,1.039255029,-1.44786301
10/31/2016,1.742118736,1.260235058,1.220462218,1.078680203,2.009085374,1.756550057,0.836476535,-1.572939866
11/30/2016,1.66584973,1.433091124,1.219037738,1.18608034,2.11960459,2.099452959,0.837967353,-0.153032832
12/31/2016,1.624930984,1.23112563,1.046782114,1.105651106,1.928227102,1.964154186,0.690943522,-1.403947734
1/31/2017,1.704632746,1.436068536,1.295672454,1.286017818,1.725261932,2.258747109,1.184998586,-0.559753708
2/28/2017,1.697929015,1.541270646,0.916602117,1.552122976,1.829381683,2.232690515,1.293568092,-0.182379349
3/31/2017,1.607200033,1.457416964,1.238709677,1.328767633,1.766587843,2.3655598,1.132143132,-0.503144654
4/30/2017,1.609943277,1.217691776,0.992651798,1.114123371,1.483021483,1.914810473,1.027791271,-0.714185688
5/31/2017,1.728966442,1.292689499,0.914123857,1.237826184,1.612344367,1.980004877,1.195137556,-1.445046547
6/30/2017,1.689882901,1.50961133,0.979255251,1.413007102,1.80298728,2.193944713,1.231948882,0.212284178
7/31/2017,1.561775594,1.369088263,0.81039362,1.064500575,1.722708429,1.916731366,1.200296243,0.31130607
8/31/2017,1.55048941,1.281291763,0.875048256,0.940218397,1.755556578,1.677087877,1.053034166,0.226404415
9/30/2017,1.405895379,1.138456042,0.693819864,0.719397919,1.58679202,1.353179973,1.054025154,0.310778359
10/31/2017,1.432421813,1.393759369,0.962031811,0.956390089,1.778991828,2.225670368,1.058551108,0.608117664
11/30/2017,1.507001219,1.097507472,0.807174888,0.810940322,1.482905396,1.916300623,0.871664549,-0.975337885
12/31/2017,1.453152509,1.181210261,0.831308351,0.644353621,1.409673513,1.81555502,1.202124685,0.239672917
1/31/2018,1.394544044,1.525378432,0.972115631,0.669807154,1.879105537,2.738209817,1.387054161,0.45032367
2/28/2018,1.517364325,1.524029619,1.189714724,0.826658829,1.849019563,2.807910147,1.2390412,0.379479972
3/31/2018,1.579722555,1.562105292,0.968646444,0.955039671,1.931838892,2.61709966,1.33221893,0.435454418
4/30/2018,1.542018991,1.689175349,1.250957365,0.885150769,1.993990713,3.139378834,1.343793496,1.029619182
5/31/2018,1.616241658,1.757748554,1.326869099,0.987699651,2.061879106,3.06059012,1.423802539,1.325250247
6/30/2018,1.622233744,1.782005625,1.301518438,1.00832325,2.00462606,3.077143266,1.444189158,1.962999576
7/31/2018,1.532989944,1.724818333,1.173918591,1.115678215,1.901829379,2.694853116,1.483836778,2.045422486
8/31/2018,1.609862022,1.745949696,1.186375813,1.133154864,1.91972866,2.936549554,1.375116696,2.188338275
9/30/2018,1.606813652,1.440847797,1.173918591,0.886414417,1.417543226,2.670226969,1.158923713,1.957470779
10/31/2018,1.616750596,1.582791382,0.85122602,0.833942941,1.917048197,2.632577554,1.24386252,1.96795052
11/30/2018,1.523304179,1.672803217,0.864260295,0.972613258,1.955080503,2.666477219,1.458695488,1.744758689
12/31/2018,1.548254147,1.44573255,0.71029934,0.914611839,1.732528275,2.445369407,1.127574083,1.322081575
1/31/2019,1.655041647,1.56050676,0.50671396,1.045550925,2.394859813,1.667525411,1.260335755,0.854581115
2/28/2019,1.373785949,1.341540617,0.720606827,0.761578545,2.104578972,1.405294365,1.136278313,0.448053766
3/31/2019,1.375091886,1.341785597,0.694269124,0.807742687,2.006973002,1.52461768,1.172236247,0.34965035
4/30/2019,1.439774703,1.296530053,0.491679274,0.793650794,1.879128727,1.552116734,1.188633072,0.307133882
5/31/2019,1.260461833,1.21124778,0.377738605,0.719895288,1.779668567,1.605493945,1.114574243,-0.180882148
6/30/2019,1.229139535,1.184152428,0.491245749,0.856686511,1.687341603,1.485698417,1.134921228,-0.567867036
7/31/2019,1.246124733,1.121017745,0.56753689,0.333914053,1.799680057,1.720061199,1.061792863,-0.95382914
8/31/2019,1.231979206,1.131737448,0.542107917,0.348103561,1.78595199,1.773722966,1.077704216,-0.925670075
9/30/2019,1.310248325,1.388907491,0.605372683,0.410267582,2.434898731,2.178153446,1.093345288,-1.229281768
10/31/2019,1.284726402,1.162255082,0.503905266,0.591265235,1.737148421,1.557517216,1.325573876,-1.612903226
11/30/2019,1.363435858,1.121085205,0.592237903,0.521455731,1.789308385,1.434700374,1.221692491,-1.687180196
12/31/2019,1.30770001,1.217534093,0.705289673,0.572795824,1.942199092,1.482062884,1.268966202,-1.374236535
1/31/2020,1.321662203,1.058025241,1.449458029,0.340086831,1.480977665,1.188666206,1.195159973,-0.458397
2/29/2020,1.518402047,1.030715453,1.004142086,0.383335744,1.543155677,1.003683241,1.182904798,-0.473933649
3/31/2020,0.415114423,0.246097922,0.376081234,-0.768786544,0.7953201,0.27554535,0.545975592,-1.254355401
4/30/2020,-13.37181114,-11.95755202,-9.358926107,-13.91678104,-11.06900329,-13.4077701,-10.83608904,-14.85038274
5/31/2020,-11.66766248,-10.80388365,-9.972403412,-13.08930763,-9.539336908,-10.56309083,-10.37186822,-14.13437413
6/30/2020,-8.738237498,-8.369918807,-9.889696666,-11.19349266,-6.628626396,-7.410954531,-8.655100283,-8.162696754
7/31/2020,-7.830778306,-7.287194989,-9.405568096,-8.551584431,-5.82303898,-7.265268915,-7.462723291,-8.485694348
8/31/2020,-6.824122665,-6.052774216,-8.413793103,-7.870203079,-4.688419538,-5.633418274,-5.808771023,-7.809231627
9/30/2020,-6.316499029,-5.384412153,-8.687476495,-7.087069714,-3.932730749,-5.190673151,-5.042989825,-6.992029087
10/31/2020,-5.92154351,-4.977695069,-9.175231888,-6.873174426,-3.125679732,-4.396104487,-5.051298414,-6.221101303
11/30/2020,-5.88084029,-4.784171476,-9.282224728,-6.887856191,-2.907305202,-4.002183009,-4.857226965,-5.668870446
12/31/2020,-6.120687383,-4.479176971,-9.667333667,-6.711844856,-2.346193952,-3.535031847,-4.661598823,-5.615763547
1/31/2021,-6.002051309,-4.462025108,-10.33668779,-6.13687171,-2.533889694,-3.332878022,-4.609252739,-6.447111359
2/28/2021,-5.793097112,-4.354432378,-10.4386728,-6.282873406,-2.319548628,-3.01303674,-4.627387678,-5.742296919
3/31/2021,-4.383082468,-3.324422329,-9.816410641,-4.746662787,-1.265079883,-2.308220747,-3.828103885,-4.079040226
4/30/2021,10.87479874,10.21027351,0.332179931,10.27147233,12.25460009,12.7833853,8.399988929,10.80418437
5/31/2021,9.049641126,8.994720781,1.421206632,9.411862436,10.68802013,9.31372549,8.12193914,8.961038961
6/30/2021,5.935910478,6.305877259,2.072610933,7.060063224,7.581540191,5.654615309,6.064443127,3.200364022
7/31/2021,5.388885693,5.759599332,2.131782946,5.201740506,7.191193511,5.991349651,5.296604536,4.422754308
8/31/2021,4.56111194,4.502951544,1.574479737,4.667398808,5.705726308,4.310926801,3.845550559,3.554681591
9/30/2021,4.24520316,3.689405786,2.443712246,3.739881694,4.575473832,3.902392253,2.931714404,2.691324613
10/31/2021,4.267295531,3.85088164,3.836599503,3.709583737,4.715180636,3.969916222,3.094302554,2.659494995
11/30/2021,4.504599175,3.866427468,4.266777133,3.865052037,4.675051473,3.685806329,3.127578383,2.892931703
12/31/2021,5.100543955,3.878682435,4.887165998,4.211746522,4.355757252,3.527802669,3.189382443,3.414852371
1/31/2022,4.991991271,3.611057573,4.946653734,3.303626306,4.214635878,3.645612548,2.860731589,3.5650358
2/28/2022,5.201192666,4.268649121,5.1338976,4.06319674,4.910813084,4.535413827,3.477368893,3.566121842
3/31/2022,4.916578904,3.876112252,5.373217006,3.001374675,4.76410629,4.209835451,3.178252983,2.692760447
4/30/2022,4.88472762,3.95316588,5.145537315,2.724401659,4.761695778,4.634054915,3.434101006,2.861779023
5/31/2022,4.787175387,3.845551218,5.110592114,2.589021335,4.613804258,4.512331839,3.196091404,3.84386174
6/30/2022,4.542866746,3.479405935,3.952030526,1.972289522,4.455133088,4.484848485,2.97188143,1.998824221
7/31/2022,4.381882941,3.481539946,4.133911629,2.32750517,4.218104772,4.49339207,3.095881417,1.329049219
8/31/2022,4.150902385,3.410108464,3.302331851,2.046016638,4.450165502,4.326923077,2.990710671,1.358457493
9/30/2022,3.995181962,3.723078373,2.787456446,2.247064561,4.751605857,4.683246436,3.511115592,1.727672035
10/31/2022,3.666556722,2.925677754,1.967038809,1.381473323,3.818856273,3.690138266,2.958802437,1.309853005
11/30/2022,3.434267595,2.742192554,1.946762018,1.247858154,3.596091762,3.367449511,2.71520364,1.811594203
12/31/2022,3.200838776,2.454456637,1.663146779,0.934371524,3.442762737,3.125142363,2.492584561,0.201874549
1/31/2023,3.265026048,2.818857044,1.610773699,1.487431206,3.780251591,3.4310384,2.873377028,0.532910845
2/28/2023,2.811072114,2.206231532,1.821301307,0.790513834,3.039763738,2.477295207,2.428688261,0.301291248
3/31/2023,2.67328825,2.217272985,1.603364437,1.253058501,2.710824385,2.771154798,2.43159589,0.243587907
4/30/2023,2.64441778,2.085742824,1.377591183,1.370522651,2.532361443,2.637589002,2.194465701,0.172092356
5/31/2023,2.583496665,2.080845983,1.463860933,1.346950858,2.473623733,2.704031465,2.172412093,0.37302726
6/30/2023,2.403354067,2.220400131,1.966439434,1.737387237,2.416968788,2.775298947,2.26448605,0.965417867
7/31/2023,2.125768074,1.740547588,0.950149681,0.7973837,2.228030869,2.369752374,1.650868298,1.41251081
8/31/2023,2.013278376,1.843170957,1.409185804,1.186104583,2.429577465,2.051577455,1.605925057,1.542008935

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