Economic Research
We conduct research to support policymaking and thought leadership on issues important to the Federal Reserve and the Fifth District. We also inform the public through our data and economic analysis, publications, presentations and educational resources.
Featured
Podcast
Why We Care About Rural Communities
Jan. 19, 2022
Tom Barkin, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, discusses the challenges and opportunities facing rural communities and smaller towns, and why the Richmond Fed has been working to address them.
Blog Post
Communities Are Still Facing Disruptions: Is Recovery in Sight?
January 13, 2022
By Surekha Carpenter and Hailey Phelps
The Fed’s Community Impact Survey reveals COVID-19 disruptions to community organizations’ operations and the low-income communities they serve.
Firm Heterogeneity and the Impact of Immigration: Evidence from German Establishments
December 2021, No. 21-16
Agostina Brinatti and Nicolas Morales
Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index
Jan. 14, 2022
The Non-Employment Index was 7.7 percent in December 2021, declining from November 2021.
Month,HKL Nonemployment Index,HKL Nonemployment Index Including PTER,Civilian Unemployment Rate (U-3),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached (U-5),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached and PTER (U-6) 1994-01-01,10.05151802,11.10526679,6.6,8,11.7 1994-02-01,9.875076855,11.03351278,6.6,7.9,11.4 1994-03-01,9.768871505,10.98391561,6.5,7.8,11.5 1994-04-01,9.63541615,10.82114083,6.4,7.7,11.3 1994-05-01,9.423465146,10.64422011,6.1,7.3,10.9 1994-06-01,9.417068881,10.63281636,6.1,7.3,11 1994-07-01,9.358876153,10.52085554,6.1,7.4,10.8 1994-08-01,9.307658058,10.42702828,6,7.3,10.6 1994-09-01,9.217908918,10.32919219,5.9,7.2,10.4 1994-10-01,9.143214999,10.283568,5.8,7,10.4 1994-11-01,9.042825089,10.19431225,5.6,6.8,10.1 1994-12-01,8.96280998,10.08137663,5.5,6.7,10.1 1995-01-01,8.983170549,10.16671634,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-02-01,8.912522763,9.995740621,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-03-01,8.949376432,10.05267898,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-04-01,9.037987057,10.13007645,5.8,6.8,10.1 1995-05-01,9.077715076,10.21216115,5.6,6.8,10.1 1995-06-01,9.01630686,10.14047936,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-07-01,9.00218907,10.13859118,5.7,6.8,10.1 1995-08-01,9.042938162,10.1885051,5.7,6.8,10.1 1995-09-01,9.03310345,10.18544071,5.6,6.7,10.2 1995-10-01,9.026318065,10.14827867,5.5,6.7,10 1995-11-01,9.013197802,10.14999925,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-12-01,9.034725215,10.14481643,5.6,6.7,10 1996-01-01,9.005430535,10.04006768,5.6,6.8,9.8 1996-02-01,8.983473097,10.0694862,5.5,6.7,10 1996-03-01,8.917708713,10.01290905,5.5,6.6,9.9 1996-04-01,8.909387927,9.992135615,5.6,6.7,10 1996-05-01,8.922802993,10.00336413,5.6,6.6,9.8 1996-06-01,8.776757092,9.85050852,5.3,6.5,9.7 1996-07-01,8.781905441,9.889298322,5.5,6.5,9.7 1996-08-01,8.694581378,9.793896402,5.1,6.2,9.4 1996-09-01,8.631113999,9.717366793,5.2,6.2,9.5 1996-10-01,8.680577243,9.76397,5.2,6.2,9.5 1996-11-01,8.760995605,9.769037062,5.4,6.4,9.4 1996-12-01,8.686452654,9.766800536,5.4,6.4,9.6 1997-01-01,8.683477182,9.743701356,5.3,6.3,9.4 1997-02-01,8.68391573,9.720016613,5.2,6.2,9.3 1997-03-01,8.593816243,9.603798384,5.2,6.2,9.1 1997-04-01,8.492721331,9.536012497,5.1,6.1,9.3 1997-05-01,8.482576176,9.480404946,4.9,5.9,8.9 1997-06-01,8.441056287,9.42503124,5,6,8.9 1997-07-01,8.309310586,9.323503709,4.9,5.8,8.7 1997-08-01,8.271300543,9.269014779,4.8,5.8,8.7 1997-09-01,8.348326601,9.328847528,4.9,5.8,8.7 1997-10-01,8.246033618,9.223917421,4.7,5.6,8.5 1997-11-01,8.216661852,9.189482604,4.6,5.6,8.4 1997-12-01,8.24231558,9.185022831,4.7,5.7,8.5 1998-01-01,8.161721727,9.140574391,4.6,5.6,8.4 1998-02-01,8.113556612,9.055563401,4.6,5.5,8.3 1998-03-01,8.162235148,9.09946039,4.7,5.6,8.4 1998-04-01,7.996148956,8.877388437,4.3,5.2,8 1998-05-01,8.007873352,8.925391459,4.4,5.3,8 1998-06-01,8.075763073,8.998128866,4.5,5.4,8.1 1998-07-01,8.1345313,9.083141964,4.5,5.5,8.2 1998-08-01,8.1076865,8.975449901,4.5,5.4,7.9 1998-09-01,8.056861259,8.897389835,4.6,5.5,8 1998-10-01,8.072533105,8.912061346,4.5,5.4,7.9 1998-11-01,7.975188336,8.780742011,4.4,5.3,7.7 1998-12-01,7.950629748,8.774817352,4.4,5.2,7.6 1999-01-01,7.932967164,8.778879458,4.3,5.2,7.6 1999-02-01,7.974138056,8.80029424,4.4,5.2,7.7 1999-03-01,7.923508979,8.77738888,4.2,5,7.5 1999-04-01,8.106090117,8.897922273,4.3,5.2,7.7 1999-05-01,7.940559287,8.770532613,4.2,5,7.4 1999-06-01,7.962883038,8.781900551,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-07-01,7.909638104,8.736061452,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-08-01,7.88151816,8.682868639,4.2,5,7.3 1999-09-01,7.89740609,8.689821372,4.2,5,7.4 1999-10-01,7.794364841,8.557175509,4.1,5,7.2 1999-11-01,7.7643351,8.523102435,4.1,4.9,7.2 1999-12-01,7.716678279,8.497203823,4,4.8,7.1 2000-01-01,7.658564998,8.420086417,4,4.8,7 2000-02-01,7.773848626,8.519707374,4.1,4.9,7.1 2000-03-01,7.797004788,8.55622885,4,4.8,7.1 2000-04-01,7.672293588,8.396026143,3.8,4.7,6.9 2000-05-01,7.847373917,8.634267861,4,4.8,7.1 2000-06-01,7.69087671,8.440802265,4,4.7,7 2000-07-01,7.704373646,8.459606952,4,4.8,7 2000-08-01,7.736223576,8.510104187,4.1,4.8,7.1 2000-09-01,7.698993349,8.458709902,3.9,4.7,7 2000-10-01,7.684444838,8.436733418,3.9,4.6,6.8 2000-11-01,7.719457014,8.508780813,3.9,4.7,7.1 2000-12-01,7.702914601,8.452543159,3.9,4.7,6.9 2001-01-01,7.793559565,8.573665518,4.2,5,7.3 2001-02-01,7.825992724,8.587348254,4.2,5.1,7.3 2001-03-01,7.886288411,8.648935354,4.3,5,7.3 2001-04-01,8.037647394,8.786859482,4.4,5.1,7.4 2001-05-01,8.126139096,8.939982764,4.3,5.1,7.5 2001-06-01,8.2055239,9.085905396,4.5,5.3,7.9 2001-07-01,8.160152071,9.001847905,4.6,5.4,7.9 2001-08-01,8.474660795,9.288051409,4.9,5.8,8.2 2001-09-01,8.446381287,9.425541941,5,5.8,8.7 2001-10-01,8.710297025,9.736248116,5.3,6.3,9.3 2001-11-01,8.798383188,9.766610038,5.5,6.4,9.4 2001-12-01,8.907965139,9.915348141,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-01-01,8.98291713,9.921444673,5.7,6.6,9.4 2002-02-01,8.888696527,9.863754945,5.7,6.5,9.5 2002-03-01,8.872652807,9.817164019,5.7,6.6,9.4 2002-04-01,8.940280003,9.891696672,5.9,6.9,9.7 2002-05-01,8.865851354,9.81986717,5.8,6.8,9.6 2002-06-01,8.854276366,9.790871062,5.8,6.7,9.5 2002-07-01,8.871356296,9.839200088,5.8,6.8,9.6 2002-08-01,8.807146295,9.833466732,5.7,6.7,9.6 2002-09-01,8.771632033,9.763250651,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-10-01,8.74610805,9.73905326,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-11-01,8.88752328,9.846967976,5.9,6.8,9.8 2002-12-01,8.818525362,9.796573201,6,6.9,9.8 2003-01-01,8.86505392,9.909873767,5.8,6.8,9.9 2003-02-01,8.890435357,9.969917416,5.9,6.9,10.1 2003-03-01,9.002871362,10.06141565,5.9,6.9,10 2003-04-01,8.956866674,10.03088688,6,7,10.2 2003-05-01,9.032254224,10.07862722,6.1,7.1,10.1 2003-06-01,9.070552349,10.11700921,6.3,7.2,10.3 2003-07-01,9.039985739,10.10393349,6.2,7.1,10.3 2003-08-01,9.015733829,10.05364419,6.1,7.1,10.1 2003-09-01,9.003856813,10.10552511,6.1,7.1,10.4 2003-10-01,8.990905965,10.06448757,6,7,10.2 2003-11-01,8.855983068,9.91908226,5.8,6.8,10.1 2003-12-01,8.842990827,9.910722068,5.7,6.6,9.8 2004-01-01,8.783514619,9.845496006,5.7,6.7,9.8 2004-02-01,8.735945789,9.745442593,5.6,6.6,9.7 2004-03-01,8.862049403,9.930618494,5.8,6.8,10 2004-04-01,8.73447644,9.745045031,5.6,6.6,9.6 2004-05-01,8.727088269,9.764673355,5.6,6.6,9.7 2004-06-01,8.704035188,9.703671135,5.6,6.6,9.6 2004-07-01,8.695694908,9.697095427,5.5,6.5,9.5 2004-08-01,8.667770114,9.697034133,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-09-01,8.650755981,9.655708148,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-10-01,8.688151184,9.752727744,5.5,6.5,9.7 2004-11-01,8.640272908,9.631290079,5.4,6.3,9.4 2004-12-01,8.627012845,9.61595715,5.4,6.3,9.3 2005-01-01,8.577914186,9.552073406,5.3,6.3,9.2 2005-02-01,8.63796984,9.581497226,5.4,6.4,9.2 2005-03-01,8.561821299,9.541517078,5.2,6.2,9.1 2005-04-01,8.521863913,9.448892484,5.2,6.1,9 2005-05-01,8.442564837,9.407073199,5.1,6.1,8.9 2005-06-01,8.474925435,9.459722104,5,6,9 2005-07-01,8.386964242,9.361304615,5,5.9,8.8 2005-08-01,8.301337172,9.315205622,4.9,5.9,8.9 2005-09-01,8.448005156,9.482912179,5,6,9 2005-10-01,8.408085194,9.348958332,5,5.9,8.7 2005-11-01,8.471333731,9.378804932,5,6,8.7 2005-12-01,8.425516188,9.327468518,4.9,5.9,8.6 2006-01-01,8.312170675,9.212096918,4.7,5.6,8.4 2006-02-01,8.307876114,9.226297747,4.8,5.6,8.4 2006-03-01,8.205201679,9.08025085,4.7,5.6,8.2 2006-04-01,8.340193536,9.167804655,4.7,5.6,8.1 2006-05-01,8.161020836,9.065526953,4.6,5.5,8.2 2006-06-01,8.153495927,9.094947882,4.6,5.6,8.4 2006-07-01,8.213336339,9.153061078,4.7,5.7,8.5 2006-08-01,8.181730725,9.11930815,4.7,5.7,8.4 2006-09-01,8.166027291,9.082719613,4.5,5.3,8 2006-10-01,8.129388309,9.080091664,4.4,5.3,8.2 2006-11-01,8.17985282,9.073073598,4.5,5.4,8.1 2006-12-01,8.079002533,8.985010622,4.4,5.2,7.9 2007-01-01,8.154631821,9.072793101,4.6,5.5,8.3 2007-02-01,8.126248381,9.034291964,4.5,5.4,8.1 2007-03-01,7.973434595,8.896987095,4.4,5.3,8 2007-04-01,8.253819062,9.157474173,4.5,5.4,8.2 2007-05-01,8.204883776,9.174749061,4.4,5.3,8.2 2007-06-01,8.174430152,9.105862179,4.6,5.4,8.3 2007-07-01,8.192353667,9.143608293,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-08-01,8.218805013,9.229864298,4.6,5.5,8.4 2007-09-01,8.265387481,9.26123113,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-10-01,8.261974151,9.20322013,4.7,5.6,8.4 2007-11-01,8.179227567,9.13046132,4.7,5.6,8.5 2007-12-01,8.350799382,9.332438738,5,5.8,8.8 2008-01-01,8.364631886,9.403061895,5,5.9,9.1 2008-02-01,8.353941866,9.397259333,4.9,5.8,9 2008-03-01,8.472367958,9.525035387,5.1,5.9,9.1 2008-04-01,8.502082944,9.587331924,5,5.9,9.2 2008-05-01,8.657059599,9.792208087,5.4,6.3,9.7 2008-06-01,8.710228825,9.895738733,5.6,6.5,10 2008-07-01,8.894578552,10.18021352,5.8,6.7,10.5 2008-08-01,9.040298281,10.31221438,6.1,7.1,10.8 2008-09-01,9.127861556,10.45397441,6.1,7.1,11.1 2008-10-01,9.266830857,10.69588161,6.5,7.5,11.8 2008-11-01,9.518506476,11.05805742,6.8,8,12.7 2008-12-01,9.79213191,11.49294425,7.3,8.4,13.6 2009-01-01,10.22466233,11.95406267,7.8,9,14.1 2009-02-01,10.44288547,12.30361731,8.3,9.5,15.1 2009-03-01,10.63745608,12.57605355,8.7,10,15.8 2009-04-01,10.73561864,12.59114918,9,10.2,15.9 2009-05-01,10.93526624,12.86605991,9.4,10.7,16.5 2009-06-01,10.97547969,12.90569615,9.5,10.7,16.5 2009-07-01,10.81360063,12.74565489,9.5,10.7,16.4 2009-08-01,10.82807226,12.7482026,9.6,10.9,16.7 2009-09-01,10.8996857,12.75943327,9.8,11.1,16.7 2009-10-01,11.01279406,12.9121993,10,11.3,17.1 2009-11-01,10.86794063,12.772132,9.9,11.3,17.1 2009-12-01,10.93253437,12.83833307,9.9,11.3,17.2 2010-01-01,10.84310525,12.65167774,9.8,11.2,16.6 2010-02-01,10.85302982,12.73065134,9.8,11.2,17 2010-03-01,10.82887508,12.76597138,9.9,11.2,17.1 2010-04-01,10.67759737,12.59637674,9.9,11.4,17.2 2010-05-01,10.56621342,12.4252204,9.6,11,16.7 2010-06-01,10.48959115,12.31386634,9.4,10.9,16.4 2010-07-01,10.55312754,12.39287123,9.4,10.9,16.4 2010-08-01,10.6235083,12.46917329,9.5,10.9,16.5 2010-09-01,10.65409264,12.54970638,9.5,11,16.9 2010-10-01,10.60620996,12.46511206,9.4,11,16.6 2010-11-01,10.75367766,12.59254538,9.8,11.3,16.9 2010-12-01,10.55715738,12.41931643,9.3,10.8,16.6 2011-01-01,10.47311207,12.25295379,9.1,10.6,16.1 2011-02-01,10.41897038,12.19159172,9,10.6,16 2011-03-01,10.33476657,12.14491633,9,10.4,16 2011-04-01,10.45275511,12.26427996,9.1,10.6,16.1 2011-05-01,10.39047898,12.19045568,9,10.4,15.9 2011-06-01,10.49754693,12.27503939,9.1,10.7,16.1 2011-07-01,10.48141688,12.24820328,9,10.6,15.9 2011-08-01,10.41582684,12.22967104,9,10.5,16.1 2011-09-01,10.38126195,12.22441232,9,10.5,16.4 2011-10-01,10.33272847,12.13897267,8.8,10.3,15.8 2011-11-01,10.25816711,12.00406511,8.6,10.2,15.6 2011-12-01,10.17212516,11.86942151,8.5,10,15.2 2012-01-01,10.05993526,11.76279116,8.3,9.8,15.1 2012-02-01,10.03913127,11.74714227,8.3,9.8,15 2012-03-01,10.04405083,11.65707208,8.2,9.6,14.6 2012-04-01,10.04556256,11.68180662,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-05-01,10.00607458,11.68735946,8.2,9.7,14.8 2012-06-01,10.04257039,11.71660264,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-07-01,10.05041178,11.73030726,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-08-01,10.10359489,11.72861812,8.1,9.6,14.6 2012-09-01,9.872676571,11.58802123,7.8,9.3,14.8 2012-10-01,9.846065218,11.54493292,7.8,9.2,14.4 2012-11-01,9.904571186,11.56989498,7.7,9.2,14.4 2012-12-01,9.957379955,11.58629995,7.9,9.4,14.4 2013-01-01,10.07007723,11.69762992,8,9.3,14.5 2013-02-01,9.888008987,11.56149492,7.7,9.2,14.3 2013-03-01,9.826353957,11.40103992,7.5,9,13.9 2013-04-01,9.836830056,11.46215384,7.6,9,14 2013-05-01,9.836498537,11.4470674,7.5,8.8,13.9 2013-06-01,9.811119765,11.46642584,7.5,9.1,14.2 2013-07-01,9.652122058,11.29831946,7.3,8.7,13.8 2013-08-01,9.539449607,11.12473505,7.2,8.6,13.6 2013-09-01,9.538182347,11.11629742,7.2,8.6,13.5 2013-10-01,9.614223535,11.26952474,7.2,8.6,13.6 2013-11-01,9.404472938,10.97167378,6.9,8.2,13.1 2013-12-01,9.336549891,10.92689788,6.7,8.1,13.1 2014-01-01,9.300408754,10.74745744,6.6,8,12.6 2014-02-01,9.319819914,10.80235477,6.7,8,12.6 2014-03-01,9.309608784,10.80709375,6.7,8,12.7 2014-04-01,9.140272275,10.65555349,6.2,7.6,12.3 2014-05-01,9.207490054,10.65512627,6.3,7.7,12.3 2014-06-01,9.106556987,10.61096759,6.1,7.3,12 2014-07-01,9.144639282,10.63132844,6.2,7.4,12.1 2014-08-01,9.138811154,10.60611856,6.1,7.4,12 2014-09-01,9.081655671,10.48392271,5.9,7.2,11.7 2014-10-01,8.946407707,10.4055126,5.7,7.1,11.5 2014-11-01,9.013045472,10.39856522,5.8,7.1,11.4 2014-12-01,8.88547963,10.26083415,5.6,6.9,11.2 2015-01-01,8.922630706,10.2576326,5.7,6.9,11.2 2015-02-01,8.871766392,10.20829847,5.5,6.7,10.9 2015-03-01,8.818116316,10.13746553,5.4,6.7,10.9 2015-04-01,8.817038818,10.13146586,5.4,6.7,10.9 2015-05-01,8.771299092,10.07175919,5.6,6.8,10.9 2015-06-01,8.743771121,10.01868378,5.3,6.4,10.4 2015-07-01,8.741947814,9.982091781,5.2,6.3,10.3 2015-08-01,8.515360237,9.837711445,5.1,6.2,10.2 2015-09-01,8.62541699,9.809219373,5,6.2,10 2015-10-01,8.619833831,9.812875896,5,6.2,9.8 2015-11-01,8.590743796,9.813784351,5.1,6.1,10 2015-12-01,8.521433957,9.725291183,5,6.1,9.9 2016-01-01,8.451597045,9.610787923,4.8,6,9.7 2016-02-01,8.452244263,9.637192917,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-03-01,8.449340416,9.643928733,5,6.1,9.8 2016-04-01,8.50468134,9.683606329,5.1,6.1,9.9 2016-05-01,8.403549542,9.66267626,4.8,5.9,9.9 2016-06-01,8.38822245,9.520330532,4.9,5.9,9.5 2016-07-01,8.400701794,9.558051184,4.8,5.9,9.6 2016-08-01,8.313035714,9.552213951,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-09-01,8.508343523,9.653846829,5,6.1,9.7 2016-10-01,8.496800139,9.699245995,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-11-01,8.348826076,9.469562877,4.7,5.9,9.4 2016-12-01,8.346282355,9.445577897,4.7,5.7,9.2 2017-01-01,8.321005002,9.438766528,4.7,5.6,9.2 2017-02-01,8.249335249,9.355174473,4.6,5.6,9 2017-03-01,8.176769387,9.249562509,4.4,5.4,8.8 2017-04-01,8.132820439,9.161596801,4.4,5.4,8.6 2017-05-01,8.11575784,9.128230661,4.4,5.3,8.5 2017-06-01,8.024191914,9.055218204,4.3,5.2,8.5 2017-07-01,7.979828847,9.003696963,4.3,5.2,8.5 2017-08-01,8.025518219,9.10245722,4.4,5.3,8.6 2017-09-01,7.927782121,8.917421596,4.3,5.2,8.3 2017-10-01,7.902637704,8.869137033,4.2,5.1,8.1 2017-11-01,7.926698877,8.863174795,4.2,5.1,8 2017-12-01,7.934225826,8.907829656,4.1,5.1,8.1 2018-01-01,7.898072795,8.864731978,4,4.9,8 2018-02-01,7.869274395,8.875651055,4.1,5,8.1 2018-03-01,7.86669422,8.840907651,4,4.9,7.9 2018-04-01,7.845956046,8.803561994,4,4.8,7.9 2018-05-01,7.763352579,8.711521368,3.8,4.7,7.8 2018-06-01,7.769788412,8.693817784,4,4.8,7.8 2018-07-01,7.672201243,8.551254468,3.8,4.7,7.5 2018-08-01,7.697795204,8.577994058,3.8,4.7,7.4 2018-09-01,7.671772602,8.546763827,3.7,4.7,7.5 2018-10-01,7.675796021,8.560416529,3.8,4.7,7.5 2018-11-01,7.648456385,8.554087033,3.8,4.8,7.6 2018-12-01,7.713514869,8.619931566,3.9,4.8,7.6 2019-01-01,7.831390937,8.823150615,4,4.8,8 2019-02-01,7.736020922,8.590718711,3.8,4.6,7.2 2019-03-01,7.714221163,8.601481906,3.8,4.6,7.4 2019-04-01,7.635219164,8.542352883,3.6,4.5,7.4 2019-05-01,7.578719437,8.41286762,3.6,4.5,7.2 2019-06-01,7.551608795,8.397019038,3.6,4.5,7.2 2019-07-01,7.62255967,8.373339657,3.7,4.5,6.9 2019-08-01,7.450183177,8.306396488,3.7,4.6,7.2 2019-09-01,7.328662998,8.134267438,3.5,4.3,6.9 2019-10-01,7.310154209,8.13916708,3.6,4.4,7 2019-11-01,7.354546901,8.162025965,3.6,4.3,6.9 2019-12-01,7.347690698,8.159859699,3.6,4.3,6.8 2020-01-01,7.449082449,8.272292402,3.5,4.3,6.9 2020-02-01,7.504995753,8.365122169,3.5,4.3,7 2020-03-01,8.243931793,9.376283495,4.4,5.2,8.8 2020-04-01,15.69126449,17.84451203,14.7,16,22.9 2020-05-01,14.40041896,16.481254,13.2,14.5,21.2 2020-06-01,12.58672278,14.31224962,11,12.4,18 2020-07-01,11.96633466,13.54712997,10.2,11.3,16.5 2020-08-01,10.62156197,12.0687947,8.4,9.6,14.3 2020-09-01,10.36004765,11.55417767,7.9,9,12.8 2020-10-01,9.345281841,10.61833223,6.9,8,12.1 2020-11-01,9.286277346,10.55016291,6.7,7.9,12 2020-12-01,9.280014401,10.47564146,6.7,8,11.7 2021-01-01,9.04322089,10.15994428,6.4,7.5,11.1 2021-02-01,9.092816617,10.27295815,6.2,7.3,11.1 2021-03-01,8.889022807,10.02719234,6,7.1,10.7 2021-04-01,8.906285365,9.92059073,6,7.1,10.3 2021-05-01,8.803679404,9.812501338,5.8,6.9,10.1 2021-06-01,8.640088708,9.532064303,5.9,7,9.8 2021-07-01,8.428872619,9.266863284,5.4,6.5,9.2 2021-08-01,8.185265373,9.026858177,5.2,6.1,8.8 2021-09-01,8.093887103,8.921435399,4.7,5.8,8.5 2021-10-01,7.975061709,8.7977351,4.6,5.5,8.2 2021-11-01,7.789370037,8.593696438,4.2,5.1,7.7 2021-12-01,7.671199443,8.445997196,3.9,4.9,7.3
Being a Research Associate at the Richmond Fed
Research Associates help the Richmond Fed's economists with their research and policy memos for briefing the Bank's president on the state of the economy. For recent graduates thinking about applying to a Ph.D. program, this position is an ideal way to learn more about academic economic research.
CORE Week
For eight weeks each year, visiting economists from a range of disciplines will join with Richmond Fed economists for seminars, conferences, and formal and informal networking and collaboration — all with an eye toward advancing economic research.
Contact Us
Research Department
(804) 697-8000