Economic Research
We conduct research to support policymaking and thought leadership on issues important to the Federal Reserve and the Fifth District. We also inform the public through our data and economic analysis, publications, presentations and educational resources.
Featured
Blog Post
Really Yearning for Real Earnings
May 17, 2022
Recent reports revealed strong growth in hiring and wages for April. But is that growth enough to keep up with inflation?
Blog Post
A New Endeavor: Introducing the Fifth District Survey of Community College Outcomes
May 12, 2022
This new system for measuring community college outcomes better reflects how the institutions are serving their students and communities than current data collection methods.
The Collateral Channel and Bank Credit
May 2022, No. 22-04
Arun Gupta, Horacio Sapriza and Vladimir Yankov
Is It Still an Econ Course? The Effect of a Standardized Personal Finance Test on the Learning of Economics
April 2022, No. 22-03
Stephen Day, Evelyn Nunes and Bruno Sultanum
Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index
May 13, 2022
The Non-Employment Index was 7.6 percent in April 2022, essentially unchanged from March 2022. The index was 1.2 percentage points lower compared to April 2021.
Month,HKL Nonemployment Index,HKL Nonemployment Index Including PTER,Civilian Unemployment Rate (U-3),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached (U-5),Unemployed plus Marginally Attached and PTER (U-6) 1994-01-01,10.00721016,11.07361331,6.6,8,11.7 1994-02-01,9.833175257,10.98868116,6.6,7.9,11.4 1994-03-01,9.726928431,10.94154437,6.5,7.8,11.5 1994-04-01,9.593734296,10.77889089,6.4,7.7,11.3 1994-05-01,9.382671067,10.60460822,6.1,7.3,10.9 1994-06-01,9.375879566,10.58908774,6.1,7.3,11 1994-07-01,9.318171575,10.47955108,6.1,7.4,10.8 1994-08-01,9.26762178,10.38664531,6,7.3,10.6 1994-09-01,9.177751345,10.28570545,5.9,7.2,10.4 1994-10-01,9.103182589,10.24322378,5.8,7,10.4 1994-11-01,9.002915483,10.1535087,5.6,6.8,10.1 1994-12-01,8.922634537,10.04005219,5.5,6.7,10.1 1995-01-01,8.943243214,10.13692591,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-02-01,8.872088838,9.952877404,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-03-01,8.909060134,10.01258366,5.4,6.6,9.9 1995-04-01,8.998199131,10.08975534,5.8,6.8,10.1 1995-05-01,9.038052593,10.17335241,5.6,6.8,10.1 1995-06-01,8.976528941,10.09848095,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-07-01,8.96260042,10.09840983,5.7,6.8,10.1 1995-08-01,9.003253637,10.14851241,5.7,6.8,10.1 1995-09-01,8.993436316,10.14291893,5.6,6.7,10.2 1995-10-01,8.986307311,10.10800648,5.5,6.7,10 1995-11-01,8.973341035,10.10934356,5.6,6.7,10.1 1995-12-01,8.99452404,10.10360291,5.6,6.7,10 1996-01-01,8.965744075,10.00864245,5.6,6.8,9.8 1996-02-01,8.943483851,10.02704429,5.5,6.7,10 1996-03-01,8.878080243,9.97396182,5.5,6.6,9.9 1996-04-01,8.869249813,9.952244685,5.6,6.7,10 1996-05-01,8.883732548,9.964791535,5.6,6.6,9.8 1996-06-01,8.737244029,9.808958525,5.3,6.5,9.7 1996-07-01,8.742742683,9.849612867,5.5,6.5,9.7 1996-08-01,8.654919659,9.754119731,5.1,6.2,9.4 1996-09-01,8.592426396,9.676353101,5.2,6.2,9.5 1996-10-01,8.641705155,9.724963789,5.2,6.2,9.5 1996-11-01,8.722456811,9.73016448,5.4,6.4,9.4 1996-12-01,8.647944144,9.727996571,5.4,6.4,9.6 1997-01-01,8.644815712,9.709367435,5.3,6.3,9.4 1997-02-01,8.644875587,9.679544547,5.2,6.2,9.3 1997-03-01,8.555500486,9.566980221,5.2,6.2,9.1 1997-04-01,8.453530076,9.497206511,5.1,6.1,9.3 1997-05-01,8.443942198,9.441866992,4.9,5.9,8.9 1997-06-01,8.402632721,9.385009039,5,6,8.9 1997-07-01,8.270887988,9.284765254,4.9,5.8,8.7 1997-08-01,8.233207484,9.230988829,4.8,5.8,8.7 1997-09-01,8.31013087,9.288768867,4.9,5.8,8.7 1997-10-01,8.207776796,9.185762636,4.7,5.6,8.5 1997-11-01,8.178245288,9.151113099,4.6,5.6,8.4 1997-12-01,8.204276035,9.147157185,4.7,5.7,8.5 1998-01-01,8.123707617,9.103685688,4.6,5.6,8.4 1998-02-01,8.075524191,9.016957465,4.6,5.5,8.3 1998-03-01,8.12479296,9.063678901,4.7,5.6,8.4 1998-04-01,7.957066407,8.838772403,4.3,5.2,8 1998-05-01,7.970063725,8.887465809,4.4,5.3,8 1998-06-01,8.037256823,8.958569054,4.5,5.4,8.1 1998-07-01,8.095804508,9.044185342,4.5,5.5,8.2 1998-08-01,8.069225389,8.937083821,4.5,5.4,7.9 1998-09-01,8.018832067,8.858215727,4.6,5.5,8 1998-10-01,8.033920471,8.873700832,4.5,5.4,7.9 1998-11-01,7.936968452,8.742810599,4.4,5.3,7.7 1998-12-01,7.912024896,8.736700303,4.4,5.2,7.6 1999-01-01,7.894506912,8.739047272,4.3,5.2,7.6 1999-02-01,7.935716139,8.762185742,4.4,5.2,7.7 1999-03-01,7.884910595,8.740703144,4.2,5,7.5 1999-04-01,8.066191735,8.857919778,4.3,5.2,7.7 1999-05-01,7.90222717,8.73198018,4.2,5,7.4 1999-06-01,7.92451476,8.74310738,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-07-01,7.871272411,8.697526326,4.3,5.1,7.5 1999-08-01,7.842737363,8.644086432,4.2,5,7.3 1999-09-01,7.858736115,8.650680213,4.2,5,7.4 1999-10-01,7.756210818,8.519381673,4.1,5,7.2 1999-11-01,7.72602376,8.485025674,4.1,4.9,7.2 1999-12-01,7.678248747,8.4590829,4,4.8,7.1 2000-01-01,7.620675452,8.380784612,4,4.8,7 2000-02-01,7.73562645,8.481698675,4.1,4.9,7.1 2000-03-01,7.758785188,8.519269598,4,4.8,7.1 2000-04-01,7.633707593,8.357291422,3.8,4.7,6.9 2000-05-01,7.809096375,8.595850657,4,4.8,7.1 2000-06-01,7.652894644,8.402685164,4,4.7,7 2000-07-01,7.666440436,8.421505917,4,4.8,7 2000-08-01,7.698496562,8.47231357,4.1,4.8,7.1 2000-09-01,7.660553654,8.420332458,3.9,4.7,7 2000-10-01,7.646229225,8.398896078,3.9,4.6,6.8 2000-11-01,7.681330017,8.470898387,3.9,4.7,7.1 2000-12-01,7.664863252,8.414754116,3.9,4.7,6.9 2001-01-01,7.755803771,8.534526273,4.2,5,7.3 2001-02-01,7.788216101,8.549829521,4.2,5.1,7.3 2001-03-01,7.848164547,8.611666154,4.3,5,7.3 2001-04-01,7.998395315,8.746878141,4.4,5.1,7.4 2001-05-01,8.086923982,8.900888635,4.3,5.1,7.5 2001-06-01,8.16633203,9.046705975,4.5,5.3,7.9 2001-07-01,8.12181517,8.96344754,4.6,5.4,7.9 2001-08-01,8.435797798,9.249166086,4.9,5.8,8.2 2001-09-01,8.40778609,9.387081503,5,5.8,8.7 2001-10-01,8.671900538,9.698564298,5.3,6.3,9.3 2001-11-01,8.760034707,9.728456578,5.5,6.4,9.4 2001-12-01,8.869927641,9.877446271,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-01-01,8.944246785,9.881729792,5.7,6.6,9.4 2002-02-01,8.850377398,9.825607812,5.7,6.5,9.5 2002-03-01,8.835247958,9.780010608,5.7,6.6,9.4 2002-04-01,8.90274415,9.853403408,5.9,6.9,9.7 2002-05-01,8.828473938,9.782721727,5.8,6.8,9.6 2002-06-01,8.81669205,9.753291866,5.8,6.7,9.5 2002-07-01,8.833354596,9.801199877,5.8,6.8,9.6 2002-08-01,8.769478657,9.79578063,5.7,6.7,9.6 2002-09-01,8.733993041,9.725736162,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-10-01,8.708613709,9.702434198,5.7,6.6,9.6 2002-11-01,8.849689148,9.809139411,5.9,6.8,9.8 2002-12-01,8.781480829,9.759519419,6,6.9,9.8 2003-01-01,8.827191528,9.871489967,5.8,6.8,9.9 2003-02-01,8.852919811,9.932340904,5.9,6.9,10.1 2003-03-01,8.965128058,10.02377034,5.9,6.9,10 2003-04-01,8.919241914,9.99259743,6,7,10.2 2003-05-01,8.994384731,10.04096535,6.1,7.1,10.1 2003-06-01,9.033166186,10.07965494,6.3,7.2,10.3 2003-07-01,9.002071732,10.06603012,6.2,7.1,10.3 2003-08-01,8.977948761,10.01578133,6.1,7.1,10.1 2003-09-01,8.965861468,10.06762431,6.1,7.1,10.4 2003-10-01,8.952472637,10.02701246,6,7,10.2 2003-11-01,8.81803149,9.880925759,5.8,6.8,10.1 2003-12-01,8.804426101,9.872031784,5.7,6.6,9.8 2004-01-01,8.745841724,9.807788435,5.7,6.7,9.8 2004-02-01,8.697936441,9.707144601,5.6,6.6,9.7 2004-03-01,8.824329512,9.892695731,5.8,6.8,10 2004-04-01,8.696005723,9.706745873,5.6,6.6,9.6 2004-05-01,8.689037616,9.726575154,5.6,6.6,9.7 2004-06-01,8.666007598,9.665583793,5.6,6.6,9.6 2004-07-01,8.657535409,9.658940609,5.5,6.5,9.5 2004-08-01,8.629155674,9.658299245,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-09-01,8.612268126,9.617247976,5.4,6.4,9.4 2004-10-01,8.650191679,9.715570765,5.5,6.5,9.7 2004-11-01,8.602442773,9.593151982,5.4,6.3,9.4 2004-12-01,8.588564241,9.577441625,5.4,6.3,9.3 2005-01-01,8.539438285,9.513590746,5.3,6.3,9.2 2005-02-01,8.599635736,9.542942764,5.4,6.4,9.2 2005-03-01,8.523310343,9.502873998,5.2,6.2,9.1 2005-04-01,8.483567576,9.410946152,5.2,6.1,9 2005-05-01,8.404831294,9.369270491,5.1,6.1,8.9 2005-06-01,8.436430904,9.421192159,5,6,9 2005-07-01,8.348888831,9.323209054,5,5.9,8.8 2005-08-01,8.263624032,9.277319325,4.9,5.9,8.9 2005-09-01,8.409728591,9.444593194,5,6,9 2005-10-01,8.369547825,9.311063597,5,5.9,8.7 2005-11-01,8.43310922,9.340181672,5,6,8.7 2005-12-01,8.386775453,9.288655882,4.9,5.9,8.6 2006-01-01,8.273012622,9.173038843,4.7,5.6,8.4 2006-02-01,8.269196059,9.187458211,4.8,5.6,8.4 2006-03-01,8.166885061,9.041865389,4.7,5.6,8.2 2006-04-01,8.300758542,9.128803767,4.7,5.6,8.1 2006-05-01,8.122871578,9.02730248,4.6,5.5,8.2 2006-06-01,8.115508366,9.056926975,4.6,5.6,8.4 2006-07-01,8.175393979,9.115091391,4.7,5.7,8.5 2006-08-01,8.14383456,9.081223385,4.7,5.7,8.4 2006-09-01,8.127612496,9.044212497,4.5,5.3,8 2006-10-01,8.091111324,9.042255533,4.4,5.3,8.2 2006-11-01,8.141673879,9.034453786,4.5,5.4,8.1 2006-12-01,8.040760743,8.94671765,4.4,5.2,7.9 2007-01-01,8.116267277,9.03465427,4.6,5.5,8.3 2007-02-01,8.087862776,8.995785641,4.5,5.4,8.1 2007-03-01,7.935487465,8.859028888,4.4,5.3,8 2007-04-01,8.214123198,9.118227777,4.5,5.4,8.2 2007-05-01,8.165378299,9.135159842,4.4,5.3,8.2 2007-06-01,8.135354922,9.066756059,4.6,5.4,8.3 2007-07-01,8.153786577,9.105007187,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-08-01,8.17989451,9.190789016,4.6,5.5,8.4 2007-09-01,8.227056954,9.222760752,4.7,5.5,8.4 2007-10-01,8.223547523,9.165013769,4.7,5.6,8.4 2007-11-01,8.142084745,9.092976509,4.7,5.6,8.5 2007-12-01,8.313097793,9.294651384,5,5.8,8.8 2008-01-01,8.3266622,9.365408886,5,5.9,9.1 2008-02-01,8.316025223,9.359218142,4.9,5.8,9 2008-03-01,8.434114451,9.4868579,5.1,5.9,9.1 2008-04-01,8.463100463,9.548745713,5,5.9,9.2 2008-05-01,8.619487683,9.754582283,5.4,6.3,9.7 2008-06-01,8.672649589,9.858125192,5.6,6.5,10 2008-07-01,8.85671151,10.14227906,5.8,6.7,10.5 2008-08-01,9.003313759,10.27510412,6.1,7.1,10.8 2008-09-01,9.090637969,10.41660855,6.1,7.1,11.1 2008-10-01,9.230134181,10.65922757,6.5,7.5,11.8 2008-11-01,9.481671013,11.02099991,6.8,8,12.7 2008-12-01,9.755561277,11.45625394,7.3,8.4,13.6 2009-01-01,10.18696032,11.91664643,7.8,9,14.1 2009-02-01,10.40667864,12.26719857,8.3,9.5,15.1 2009-03-01,10.60150407,12.54029233,8.7,10,15.8 2009-04-01,10.69993024,12.55582205,9,10.2,15.9 2009-05-01,10.89980034,12.83072971,9.4,10.7,16.5 2009-06-01,10.93992538,12.87020304,9.5,10.7,16.5 2009-07-01,10.77904572,12.71117204,9.5,10.7,16.4 2009-08-01,10.79416091,12.71385076,9.6,10.9,16.7 2009-09-01,10.86573153,12.72545994,9.8,11.1,16.7 2009-10-01,10.97942048,12.87854697,10,11.3,17.1 2009-11-01,10.83518522,12.73937332,9.9,11.3,17.1 2009-12-01,10.89885594,12.80445566,9.9,11.3,17.2 2010-01-01,10.80908056,12.61774111,9.8,11.2,16.6 2010-02-01,10.81931054,12.69676266,9.8,11.2,17 2010-03-01,10.79561891,12.73299267,9.9,11.2,17.1 2010-04-01,10.64560001,12.56457786,9.9,11.4,17.2 2010-05-01,10.53315461,12.39228836,9.6,11,16.7 2010-06-01,10.45469925,12.28000012,9.4,10.9,16.4 2010-07-01,10.51930435,12.35907138,9.4,10.9,16.4 2010-08-01,10.59049828,12.43520278,9.5,10.9,16.5 2010-09-01,10.61983401,12.51545939,9.5,11,16.9 2010-10-01,10.57275273,12.43088655,9.4,11,16.6 2010-11-01,10.71976088,12.55871426,9.8,11.3,16.9 2010-12-01,10.52297396,12.38495131,9.3,10.8,16.6 2011-01-01,10.43923936,12.21879552,9.1,10.6,16.1 2011-02-01,10.38477731,12.15735909,9,10.6,16 2011-03-01,10.30009288,12.11066547,9,10.4,16 2011-04-01,10.4178658,12.22998149,9.1,10.6,16.1 2011-05-01,10.35554569,12.15596866,9,10.4,15.9 2011-06-01,10.46085668,12.24047154,9.1,10.7,16.1 2011-07-01,10.44666625,12.21320806,9,10.6,15.9 2011-08-01,10.38346008,12.19535761,9,10.5,16.1 2011-09-01,10.3475524,12.19023632,9,10.5,16.4 2011-10-01,10.29971498,12.10454402,8.8,10.3,15.8 2011-11-01,10.22319798,11.96915875,8.6,10.2,15.6 2011-12-01,10.13725374,11.83439379,8.5,10,15.2 2012-01-01,10.02497905,11.72725416,8.3,9.8,15.1 2012-02-01,10.0037261,11.71206775,8.3,9.8,15 2012-03-01,10.00753369,11.6215649,8.2,9.6,14.6 2012-04-01,10.00810016,11.64594971,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-05-01,9.969862868,11.65244971,8.2,9.7,14.8 2012-06-01,10.00385533,11.68139669,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-07-01,10.01558974,11.6951311,8.2,9.6,14.7 2012-08-01,10.07328541,11.69253691,8.1,9.6,14.6 2012-09-01,9.838063034,11.55222681,7.8,9.3,14.8 2012-10-01,9.812354045,11.50940253,7.8,9.2,14.4 2012-11-01,9.868144213,11.53338922,7.7,9.2,14.4 2012-12-01,9.921220538,11.55027226,7.9,9.4,14.4 2013-01-01,10.03336769,11.66041589,8,9.3,14.5 2013-02-01,9.850352648,11.52483499,7.7,9.2,14.3 2013-03-01,9.786891713,11.36346442,7.5,9,13.9 2013-04-01,9.796021174,11.42507387,7.6,9,14 2013-05-01,9.796631839,11.40980424,7.5,8.8,13.9 2013-06-01,9.769781336,11.43032484,7.5,9.1,14.2 2013-07-01,9.613826839,11.26121816,7.3,8.7,13.8 2013-08-01,9.51702537,11.08815392,7.2,8.6,13.6 2013-09-01,9.503750484,11.07971587,7.2,8.6,13.5 2013-10-01,9.580463919,11.23246443,7.2,8.6,13.6 2013-11-01,9.366672718,10.93504025,6.9,8.2,13.1 2013-12-01,9.297958598,10.88948002,6.7,8.1,13.1 2014-01-01,9.261992363,10.70938916,6.6,8,12.6 2014-02-01,9.28045492,10.76506805,6.7,8,12.6 2014-03-01,9.269253686,10.76980239,6.7,8,12.7 2014-04-01,9.096788056,10.61737155,6.2,7.6,12.3 2014-05-01,9.165169213,10.61648924,6.3,7.7,12.3 2014-06-01,9.061897519,10.57344675,6.1,7.3,12 2014-07-01,9.102626188,10.59305491,6.2,7.4,12.1 2014-08-01,9.127571705,10.56757756,6.1,7.4,12 2014-09-01,9.045067574,10.44512634,5.9,7.2,11.7 2014-10-01,8.91192412,10.36693849,5.7,7.1,11.5 2014-11-01,8.971692697,10.35953363,5.8,7.1,11.4 2014-12-01,8.843657156,10.22160827,5.6,6.9,11.2 2015-01-01,8.880477101,10.2178321,5.7,6.9,11.2 2015-02-01,8.827939841,10.1683815,5.5,6.7,10.9 2015-03-01,8.773459623,10.09753679,5.4,6.7,10.9 2015-04-01,8.770095069,10.09187743,5.4,6.7,10.9 2015-05-01,8.727788194,10.03295463,5.6,6.8,10.9 2015-06-01,8.697792008,9.980070416,5.3,6.4,10.4 2015-07-01,8.695124236,9.941914119,5.2,6.3,10.3 2015-08-01,8.51416763,9.798547078,5.1,6.2,10.2 2015-09-01,8.589786738,9.768794448,5,6.2,10 2015-10-01,8.586654009,9.772768318,5,6.2,9.8 2015-11-01,8.548531743,9.773786858,5.1,6.1,10 2015-12-01,8.47816667,9.685689742,5,6.1,9.9 2016-01-01,8.403974463,9.570700115,4.8,6,9.7 2016-02-01,8.405052929,9.597425145,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-03-01,8.401808423,9.604728664,5,6.1,9.8 2016-04-01,8.455382133,9.644255768,5.1,6.1,9.9 2016-05-01,8.357399839,9.622725603,4.8,5.9,9.9 2016-06-01,8.34406196,9.482301664,4.9,5.9,9.5 2016-07-01,8.354762593,9.519387844,4.8,5.9,9.6 2016-08-01,8.323280991,9.51451718,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-09-01,8.477436287,9.613521089,5,6.1,9.7 2016-10-01,8.470674741,9.659917164,4.9,5.9,9.6 2016-11-01,8.311176509,9.429863484,4.7,5.9,9.4 2016-12-01,8.302522816,9.405587237,4.7,5.7,9.2 2017-01-01,8.263992756,9.397243758,4.7,5.6,9.2 2017-02-01,8.195852601,9.316854113,4.6,5.6,9 2017-03-01,8.121404961,9.209883949,4.4,5.4,8.8 2017-04-01,8.077117938,9.121626061,4.4,5.4,8.6 2017-05-01,8.067028257,9.088130133,4.4,5.3,8.5 2017-06-01,7.981682984,9.017004973,4.3,5.2,8.5 2017-07-01,7.938083581,8.967004015,4.3,5.2,8.5 2017-08-01,8.043458044,9.066675251,4.4,5.3,8.6 2017-09-01,7.908964925,8.877618208,4.3,5.2,8.3 2017-10-01,7.886726533,8.830003044,4.2,5.1,8.1 2017-11-01,7.897385219,8.82303994,4.2,5.1,8 2017-12-01,7.892937739,8.866564147,4.1,5.1,8.1 2018-01-01,7.826376571,8.821830168,4,4.9,8 2018-02-01,7.802897635,8.837925727,4.1,5,8.1 2018-03-01,7.802551515,8.803083159,4,4.9,7.9 2018-04-01,7.780053569,8.762006127,4,4.8,7.9 2018-05-01,7.710380151,8.671215537,3.8,4.7,7.8 2018-06-01,7.729995135,8.656156052,4,4.8,7.8 2018-07-01,7.638809037,8.515637834,3.8,4.7,7.5 2018-08-01,7.719996731,8.543278437,3.8,4.7,7.4 2018-09-01,7.665652882,8.504191293,3.7,4.7,7.5 2018-10-01,7.67199519,8.519355107,3.8,4.7,7.5 2018-11-01,7.632011414,8.514537134,3.8,4.8,7.6 2018-12-01,7.677362604,8.57817975,3.9,4.8,7.6 2019-01-01,7.739653769,8.777966801,4,4.8,8 2019-02-01,7.654806293,8.553576175,3.8,4.6,7.2 2019-03-01,7.643332583,8.569943055,3.8,4.6,7.4 2019-04-01,7.555495208,8.502168083,3.6,4.5,7.4 2019-05-01,7.521740552,8.371931665,3.6,4.5,7.2 2019-06-01,7.514525563,8.35843589,3.6,4.5,7.2 2019-07-01,7.599405301,8.338414285,3.7,4.5,6.9 2019-08-01,7.473799224,8.273297032,3.7,4.6,7.2 2019-09-01,7.338914474,8.090640354,3.5,4.3,6.9 2019-10-01,7.318071583,8.096948638,3.6,4.4,7 2019-11-01,7.351099786,8.12369142,3.6,4.3,6.9 2019-12-01,7.317531704,8.117637863,3.6,4.3,6.8 2020-01-01,7.340605502,8.226447239,3.5,4.3,6.9 2020-02-01,7.412421509,8.330406974,3.5,4.3,7 2020-03-01,8.164397869,9.352937243,4.4,5.2,8.8 2020-04-01,15.533401,17.80170329,14.7,16,22.9 2020-05-01,14.31303248,16.43008269,13.2,14.5,21.2 2020-06-01,12.55069066,14.26711264,11,12.4,18 2020-07-01,11.96342094,13.50988483,10.2,11.3,16.5 2020-08-01,10.66875758,12.03324719,8.4,9.6,14.3 2020-09-01,10.40241538,11.49956798,7.9,9,12.8 2020-10-01,9.37651032,10.5687414,6.9,8,12.1 2020-11-01,9.302714521,10.50942291,6.7,7.9,12 2020-12-01,9.254185823,10.4280867,6.7,8,11.7 2021-01-01,8.900464771,10.10973898,6.4,7.5,11.1 2021-02-01,8.981955518,10.24320927,6.2,7.3,11.1 2021-03-01,8.808306852,10.02010191,6,7.1,10.7 2021-04-01,8.792523335,9.891945712,6,7.1,10.3 2021-05-01,8.736354013,9.767017821,5.8,6.9,10.1 2021-06-01,8.608724443,9.490622732,5.9,7,9.8 2021-07-01,8.424725616,9.231148557,5.4,6.5,9.2 2021-08-01,8.215843466,8.991423549,5.2,6.1,8.8 2021-09-01,8.127484812,8.869368768,4.7,5.8,8.5 2021-10-01,8.001048944,8.746521996,4.6,5.5,8.2 2021-11-01,7.800372977,8.551155486,4.2,5.1,7.7 2021-12-01,7.642230444,8.396313381,3.9,4.9,7.3 2022-01-01,7.725505623,8.524084092,4,4.9,7.1 2022-02-01,7.63493007,8.516728272,3.8,4.7,7.2 2022-03-01,7.591575196,8.476974906,3.6,4.4,6.9 2022-04-01,7.598179372,8.446656693,3.6,4.6,7
Being a Research Associate at the Richmond Fed
Research Associates help the Richmond Fed's economists with their research and policy memos for briefing the Bank's president on the state of the economy. For recent graduates thinking about applying to a Ph.D. program, this position is an ideal way to learn more about academic economic research.
Rural-Urban Comparison Maps
This series of interactive maps showcases the differences in demographic and economic indicators across the rural-urban landscape of the Fifth District.
- Population
- Demographics
- Educational Attainment
- Labor Force
- Income and Poverty
Contact Us
Research Department
(804) 697-8000