Our Team
John R. Walter
John Walter was a senior economist and policy advisor in the Research Department at Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Walter worked at the Richmond Fed from 1981 to 2019.
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Academic Publications
Cato Journal, Vol. 21, Winter 2002: 369-393
John R. Walter and John A. Weinberg
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Bank Publications
Economic Quarterly, First Quarter 2019
John R. Walter
Economic Brief, January 2019, No. 19-01Prior to the advent of modern home mortgage markets in the United States, markets in which mortgage-backed securities and government-sponsored enterprises now play significant roles, prospective homebuyers had to rely on other mechanisms of home finance.
David A. Price and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, June 2018, No. 18-06The choice between bankruptcy or bailout trades off different sets of costs on the economy. This Economic Brief presents a new tool that could assist policymakers with this evaluation, potentially helping to curb the "too big to fail" problem, serving as a useful complement to the "living wills" process, and making the resolution process more transparent.
Renee Haltom, Arantxa Jarque and John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Fourth Quarter 2016David A. Price and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, May 2016, No. 16-05As a way to understand the origins of this expectation, in this Economic Brief we look at the relationship between the federal funds rate and the average net interest margin for U.S. banks since the mid-1980s. We find that the relationship is not as clear-cut as one might suspect.
Huberto M. Ennis, Helen Fessenden and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, January 2016, No. 16-01Mark House, Tim Sablik and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, June 2015, No. 15-06Eliana Balla, Helen Fessenden, Edward S. Prescott and John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Third Quarter 2013Sabrina R. Pellerin, Steven Sabol and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, November 2013, No. 13-11Sabrina R. Pellerin, David A. Price, Steven Sabol and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, September 2012, No. 12-09Betty Joyce Nash, Sabrina R. Pellerin and John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, First Quarter 2012Sabrina R. Pellerin and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, April 2011, No. 11-04David A. Price and John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Third Quarter 2010Nadezhda Malysheva and John R. Walter
Economic Brief, December 2009, No. 09-12John R. Walter and Renee Haltom
Economic Quarterly, Spring 2009Sabrina R. Pellerin, John R. Walter and Patricia Wescott
Economic Brief, December 2008, No. 08-03John R. Walter and Samuel E. Henly
Economic Quarterly, Winter 2008John R. Walter and Patricia E. Wescott
Economic Quarterly, Fall 2006John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Winter 2006John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Winter 2005John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Winter 2004John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Spring 2003John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Spring 2002John R. Walter and Robert L. Lacy
Economic Quarterly, Winter 1999John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Winter 1998John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Fall 1996John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Fall 1995John R. Walter
Economic Quarterly, Fall 1994John R. Walter and Robert M. Darin
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1991John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1990John R. Walter and Donald L. Welker
Economic Review, Nov/Dec, 1989Benton E. Gup and John R. Walter
Economic Review, May/Jun, 1989John R. Walter and Donald L. Welker
Economic Review, Jan/Feb, 1989John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1988David L. Mengle and John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1987David L. Mengle and John R. Walter
Economic Review, Nov/Dec, 1986John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1986David L. Mengle and John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1985David L. Mengle and John R. Walter
Economic Review, Jul/Aug, 1983John R. Walter
Economic Review, Mar/Apr, 1982Walter A. Varvel and John R. Walter
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Working Papers
February 2018, No. 18-06R
Arantxa Jarque, John R. Walter and Jackson Evert
May 2015, No. 15-05Eliana Balla, Edward S. Prescott and John R. Walter
November 2013, No. 13-19RSabrina R. Pellerin, Steven Sabol and John R. Walter
March 2010, No. 10-03RNadezhda Malysheva and John R. Walter
May 2009, No. 09-8The Consolidation of Financial Market Regulation: Pros, Cons, and Implications for the United StatesSabrina R. Pellerin, John R. Walter and Patricia E. Wescott
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Bailout Barometer
The Richmond Fed has studied the risks created by government guarantees of financial institution liabilities since at least the late 1980s and started estimating the size of this "federal financial safety net" in 1999. John Walter, along with Liz Marshall and Sabrina Pellerin, calculated and published these estimates in various forms between 2002 and 2017.
Our Team
John R. Walter
My research focuses on examining the policy implications of current financial market developments.